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LSAT-12-4-19 求教

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楼主
发表于 2004-6-23 09:18:00 | 只看该作者

LSAT-12-4-19 求教

12/4/19. The proposal to extend clinical trials, which are routinely used as systematic tests of pharmaceutical innovations, to new surgical procedures should not be implemented. The point is that surgical procedures differ in one important respect from medicinal drugs: a correctly prescribed drug depends for its effectiveness only on the drug's composition, whereas the effectiveness of even the most appropriate surgical procedure is transparently related to the skills of the surgeon who uses it.


The reasoning in the argument is flawed because the argument


(A) does not consider that new surgical procedures might be found to be intrinsically more harmful than the best treatment previously available


(B) ignores the possibility that the challenged proposal is deliberately crude in a way designed to elicit criticism to be used in relining the proposal


(C) assumes that a surgeon's skills remain unchanged throughout the surgeon's professional life


(D) describes a dissimilarity without citing any scientific evidence for the existence of that dissimilarity


(E) rejects a proposal presumably advanced in good faith without acknowledging any such good faith .


A。


这题以前有人问过  大虾们的回答在下面
the autuor cites clinical trial should not extend to surgical procedures because the success of surgical procedures depend on teh skills of the surgeons. however, if the procedures r intrinsically harmful, it will be bad no matter how skilled the surgeons may be. A strongly weekended the argument


A points out that the clinical trial is to identify the nature and possible risk involved in the procedure. C is not mentioned or implied.


argue that due to the dependce on skills of different surgeon, surgical procedure should not rely on surgical trial.


However, the arguer  ignore the fact that an immature surgical procedure lack of the trial , as a rule, will be more harmful than a mature sugrical with full trial and efficiecy proof. That is the meaning of answer A



但我的问题是为什么用best treatment previously available ?照这样的解释岂不是应该用WORST?  


沙发
发表于 2004-6-23 13:08:00 | 只看该作者
实际上这道题的瑕疵在于进行归纳推理时只考虑了最好的情形,是不完全归纳的错误。答案(A)就是上告诉我们客观上并不是所有的情形都是最好的。仔细想想,要是解释成“还存在比最坏更坏的情形”,虽然可以是原文推理的一种削弱,但作为改错题答案就是“答非所问了”,因为原文没有提到, 自然也不会是原文的错误。
[此贴子已经被作者于2004-6-23 13:10:04编辑过]
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