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Day22
1.(202)Competition in the mid-nineteenth century by large western farms gradually caused farmers in Pennsylvania to turn to livestock raising, but before that it was predominantly grain-producing.
A.Competition in the mid-nineteenth century by large western farms gradually caused farmers in Pennsylvania to turn to livestock raising, but before that it was predominantly grain-producing.
B.Once predominantly a grain-producing state, competition in the mid-nineteenth century from large western farms gradually was causing Pennsylvania’s farmers to turn to livestock raising.
C.Pennsylvania’s farmers were gradually caused to turn to livestock raising by competition from large western farms in the mid-nineteenth century, but before that it was predominantly a grain-producing state.
D.It was once predominantly grain-producing, but competition in the mid-nineteenth century by large western farms was gradually causing Pennsylvania’s farmers to turn to livestock raising.
E.Pennsylvania was once a predominantly grain-producing state, but competition in the mid-nineteenth century from large western farms gradually caused the state’s farmers to turn to livestock raising.
E*
A. it指代不明
B. once…state修饰 competition，不对。
C. it指代不明，前面的被动语态很奇怪
D. was causing很奇怪
2.(203)Growing evidence that coastal erosion occurs continuously, not in just such calamitous bursts like hurricanes, has led scientists and planners to urge a stringent new approach to limiting development along the nation's shoreline.
A.coastal erosion occurs continuously, not in just such calamitous bursts like hurricanes, has
B.coastal erosion occurs continuously, not just in calamitous bursts such as hurricanes, has
C.coastal erosion is continuously occurring, not in just calamitous bursts like hurricanes, having
D.there is continuous coastal erosion, not just in calamitous bursts such as hurricanes, which has
E.there is continuous coastal erosion occurring, not in just such calamitous bursts like hurricanes, has
B*
有such like都不对，排除AE
句子成分不完整，排除CD
3.(204)A New York City ordinance of 1897 regulated the use of bicycles, mandated a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, required of cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all times, and it granted pedestrians right-of-way.
A.regulated the use of bicycles, mandated a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, required of cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all times, and it granted
B.regulated the use of bicycles, mandated a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, required cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all times, granting
C.regulating the use of bicycles mandated a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, required cyclists that they keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all times, and it granted
D.regulating the use of bicycles, mandating a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, requiring of cyclists that they keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all times, and granted
E.regulating the use of bicycles mandated a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, required cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all times, and granted
E*
这个ordinance是用来规范自行车使用的，或者说规范了自行车的使用，感觉ing或者动词都可以。但是根据语法规则，排除A（required前面加and）B（中间至少有个and）C（required前面加and）和D（缺少成分）
4.(205)Unlike most other mergers in the utility industry, which have been driven by the need to save money and extend companies’ service areas, the merger of the nation’s leading gas and electric company is intended to create a huge marketing network for the utilities in question with states opening their utility markets to competition.
A.and electric company is intended to create a huge marketing network for the utilities in question with states opening
B.and electric companies are intended to create a huge network for marketing the utilities in question as states open
C.and electric companies are intended to create a huge network that will be marketing the utilities in question, with states opening
D.company and electric company are intending to create a huge marketing network for the utilities in question, with states opening
E.company and leading electric company is intended to create a huge network for marketing the utilities in question as states open
E*
主语the merger，排除BCD
AE之间纠结，E顺眼点。
A的错误：
* "leading gas and electric company" is wrong; if you read this literally (which is the only way that you should ever read it), then it implies rather clearly (and wrongly) that we're talking about one company, which handles both gas and electric.
*”with states opening..." is incorrect. when you have an -ING WITHOUT COMMA modifier, like this one, it's a RESTRICTIVE ("essential") modifier. this means that we're only talking about those states that are "opening their utility markets to competition", the implication being that only some states are doing so. the intended meaning is better conveyed by "as states open..."
5.(206)For the first time in the modern era, non-Hispanic Whites are officially a minority in California, which amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from nearly three-quarters only a decade ago.
A.which amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from nearly three-quarters only a decade ago
B.which amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from a decade ago, when it was nearly three-quarters
C.and that amounts to a little less than half the population of the state, down from a decade ago, when they were nearly three-quarters
D.amounting to a little less than half the population of the state, down from nearly three-quarters a decade ago
E.amounting to a little less than half the population of the state, down from what it was a decade ago by nearly three-quarters
D*
AB which修饰California，错误。
C run-on，且that指代不明。
DE之中，E的it指代不明，选D。
6.(207)Studying the fruit fly, a household nuisance but a time-honored experimental subject, has enabled the secrets of how embryos develop to begin to be unraveled by scientists.
A.Studying the fruit fly, a household nuisance but a time-honored experimental subject, has enabled the secrets of how embryos develop to begin to be unraveled by scientists.
B.By the study of the fruit fly, a household nuisance and also a time-honored experimental subject, it was possible for the secrets of how embryos develop to begin to be unraveled by scientists.
C.By studying a household nuisance but a time-honored experimental subject, the fruit fly enabled scientists to begin to unravel the secrets of how embryos develop.
D.By studying the fruit fly, a household nuisance and also a time-honored experimental subject, the secrets of how embryos develop are beginning to be unraveled by scientists.
E.The study of the fruit fly, a household nuisance but a time-honored experimental subject, has enabled scientists to begin to unravel the secrets of how embryos develop.
E*
CD逻辑主语不对。
B奇怪。A使秘密开始被揭露，奇怪；而且studying的发出者是secrets。
7.(208)The yield of natural gas from Norway's Troll gas field is expected to increase annually until the year 2005 and then to stabilize at six billion cubic feet a day, which will allow such an extraction rate at least for 50 years' production.
A.2005 and then to stabilize at six billion cubic feet a day, which will allow such an extraction rate at least for
B.2005 and then to stabilize at six billion cubic feet a day, an extraction rate that will allow at least
C.2005 and then stabilizing at six billion cubic feet a day, with such an extraction rate at the least allowing
D.2005, then stabilizing at six billion cubic feet a day, allowing such an extraction rate for at least
E.2005, then stabilizing at six billion cubic feet a day, which will allow such an extraction rate for at least
B*
which不可以修饰整个句子，排除AE。
平行，排除CD。选B。
8.(209)Despite the growing number of people who purchase plane tickets online, airline executives are convinced that, just as one-third of bank customers still prefer human tellers to automatic teller machines, many travelers will still use travel agents.
A.growing number of people who purchase plane tickets online, airline executives are convinced that, just as one-third of bank customers still prefer human tellers to automatic teller machines, many travelers will
B.growing number of people who purchase plane tickets online, airline executives are convinced, just as one-third of bank customers still prefer human tellers to automatic teller machines, that many travelers would
C.growing number of people purchasing plane tickets online, airline executives are convinced, just as one-third of bank customers still prefer human tellers as compared to automatic teller machines, many travelers will
D.fact that the number of people purchasing plane tickets online is growing, airline executives are convinced, just as one-third of bank customers still prefer human tellers as compared to automatic teller machines, that many travelers would
E.fact that the number of people who purchase plane tickets online are growing, airline executives are convinced that, just as one-third of bank customers still prefer human tellers compared with automatic teller machines, many travelers would
A*
不熟悉despite的用法，但可以排除BCDE，convinced that要放在一起（排除BCD），E应该是is和will。永远不要写of+noun.+doing
despite只能加名词，但是名词可以有修饰。可以放在句首或句中，不可以加that从句。
in spite of用法和despite一样，但despite更正式。
正确的用法：
despite+noun.
despite the fact that…
despite + verb-ing
9.(210)Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.
A.Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering
B.Dickinson were written over a period that begins a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ended shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber
C.Dickinson, written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and that ends shortly before Emily’s death in 1886 and outnumbering
D.Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother, ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, and outnumbering
E.Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber
A*
which修饰有误，排除DE。平行结构，排除BC。选A。
选E。读的时候也觉得E最好，which可以越位修饰，但是斟酌之后还是给排除了。A的outnumbering是result，但句意来说不是，所以不对。
10.(211)Many entomologists say that campaigns to eradicate the fire ant in the United States have failed because the chemicals that were used were effective only in wiping out the ant's natural enemies, which made it easier for them to spread.
A.which made it easier for them
B.which makes it easier for it
C.thus making it easier for them
D.thus making it easier for the ant
E.thereby, it was made easier for the ant
D*
which不对，排除AB。E run-on
C them不对。D对。
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发表于 2022-10-24 23:03:30
