[求助]再问OG38-238 关于OG的解释

tropicalfish · 发表于 2005-6-12 07:32:00

Passage 38

During the nineteenth-century, occupational information about women that was provided by the

United States census-a population count conducted each decade-became more detailed and precise

in response to social changes. Through 1840, simple enumeration by household mirrored a

home-based agricultural economy and hierarchical social order: the head of the household

(presumed male or absent) was specified by name, whereas other household members were only

indicated by the total number of persons counted in various categories, including occupational

categories. Like farms, most enterprises were family-run, so that the census measured economic

activity as an attribute of the entire household, rather than of individuals.

The 1850 census, partly responding to antislavery and women’s rights movements, initiated the

collection of specific information about each individual in a household. Not until 1870 was

occupational information analyzed by gender: the census superintendent reported 1.8 million

women employed outside the home in “gainful and reputable occupations.” In addition, he

arbitrarily attributed to each family one woman “keeping house.” Overlap between the two groups

was not calculated until 1890, when the rapid entry of women into the paid labor force and social

issues arising from industrialization were causing women’s advocates and women statisticians to

press for more thorough and accurate accounting of women’s occupations and wages.

238. It can be inferred from the passage that the 1840 United States census provided a count of

which of the following?

(A) Women who worked exclusively in the home

(B) People engaged in nonfarming occupations

(C) People engaged in social movements

(D) Women engaged in family-run enterprises

(E) Men engaged in agriculture

238.

This question asks you to draw a conclusion about the 1840 United States census that is suggested

by, rather than explicitly stated in, the passage. Choice B is the best answer. Lines 5-15 indicate

that in the 1840 United States census, individuals were classified by occupational categories. It

can be inferred from this information that the 1840 census provided a count of persons in

occupations other than farming.

OG对B的解释是: (见划线处) 1840年人口普查提供了除农业外其他职业的人数统计. 可是从文章中黄色部分, 每个家庭是以head作为名字统计, 其他成员按职业类别统计. 那不就是说人口普查只能反映按职业的数据吗(不管农业还是非农业)? 怎么和OG解释的不一致呢?

而今迈步从头越 · 发表于 2005-6-12 09:35:00

Through 1840, simple enumeration by household mirrored a

home-based agricultural economy and hierarchical social order: the head of the household

(presumed male or absent) was specified by name, whereas other household members were only

indicated by the total number of persons counted in various categories, including occupational

categories.

我想MM可能对argicultural economy的理解有点偏差，这里指的是农业型经济，是一种经济形态而已，又比如说industrial economy.所以在这里并不是指的农业，而是整个社会的经济形态，这里argicultural economy和hierarchical social order等级社会制度并列。

Like farms, most enterprises were family-run, so that the census measured economic activity as an attribute of the entire household, rather than of individuals.

所以OG的解释没有不一致的地方。

tropicalfish · 发表于 2005-6-12 13:13:00

非常感谢帮助, 但我现在还是不太明白(抱歉, 太迟钝了). 因为OG的解释是in occupations other than farming, 意思不是除农业外的所有职业吗?

而今迈步从头越 · 发表于 2005-6-12 21:40:00

以下是引用tropicalfish在2005-6-12 13:13:00的发言：
非常感谢帮助, 但我现在还是不太明白(抱歉, 太迟钝了). 因为OG的解释是in occupations other than farming, 意思不是除农业外的所有职业吗?

是的，in occupations other than farming的确是指除农业外的所有职业。但是原文：

Like farms, most enterprises were family-run, so that the census measured economic activity as an attribute of the entire household, rather than of individuals.

意思是说，和农场一样，大多数企业都是家族运作的，因此。。.这里like farms修饰的对象是most enterprises，表明most enterprises和farms一样都是family-run，但是like farms并不能管到后面的so that，所以census并没有调查farms的信息。

wangyu73cn · 发表于 2005-6-13 16:23:00

一、从文中的计算办法，有the head of the household (presumed male or absent) was specified by name, whereas other household members were only indicated by the total number of persons counted in various categories, including occupational categories.
到底哪些人能够计算总数呢？有：男性户主总人数，从事农业的总人数，从事其他各类行业的总人数。

二、解释It can be inferred from this information that the 1840 census provided a count of persons in occupations other than farming. 中的意思。
我认为不是说不能计算农业的总人数”，而是说除了农业之外的职业（occupations other than farming）。“除了农业之外other than farming”仅仅修饰occupations,而不是修饰整个句子。

解释得比较费解，见谅。

pangpangshin · 发表于 2007-5-18 15:59:00

以下是引用wangyu73cn在2005-6-13 16:23:00的发言：

一、从文中的计算办法，有the head of the household (presumed male or absent) was specified by name, whereas other household members were only indicated by the total number of persons counted in various categories, including occupational categories.
到底哪些人能够计算总数呢？有：男性户主总人数，从事农业的总人数，从事其他各类行业的总人数。

二、解释It can be inferred from this information that the 1840 census provided a count of persons in occupations other than farming. 中的意思。
我认为不是说不能计算农业的总人数”，而是说除了农业之外的职业（occupations other than farming）。“除了农业之外other than farming”仅仅修饰occupations,而不是修饰整个句子。

解释得比较费解，见谅。

一直都费解这个题，看到解释总算明白拉，

aeoluseros · 发表于 2008-10-18 23:37:00

thanks...第三次看才发现这个题很模糊...

dldennis · 发表于 2009-4-19 22:42:00

have a look

[求助]再问OG38-238 关于OG的解释

[求助]再问OG38-238 关于OG的解释

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