请教 OG12阅读 48题

陈玄漠

In the seventeenth-century Florentine textile
industry, women were employed primarily in lowpaying,
low-skill jobs. To explain this segregation
of labor by gender, economists have relied on
the useful theory of human capital. According
to this theory, investment in human capital—the
acquisition of difficult job-related skills—generally
benefits individuals by making them eligible to
engage in well-paid occupations. Women’s role as
child bearers, however, results in interruptions in
their participation in the job market (as compared
with men’s) and thus reduces their opportunities
to acquire training for highly skilled work. In
addition, the human capital theory explains why
there was a high concentration of women workers
in certain low-skill jobs, such as weaving, but not
in others, such as combing or carding, by positing
that because of their primary responsibility in child
rearing women took occupations that could be
carried out in the home.
There were, however, differences in pay scales
that cannot be explained by the human capital
theory. For example, male construction workers
were paid significantly higher wages than female
taffeta weavers. The wage difference between
these two low-skill occupations stems from the
segregation of labor by gender: because a limited
number of occupations were open to women, there
was a large supply of workers in their fields, and
this “overcrowding” resulted in women receiving
lower wages and men receiving higher wages.

第48题 48. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the
explanation provided by the human capital theory for
women’s concentration in certain occupations in
seventeenth-century Florence?
(A) Women were unlikely to work outside the home
even in occupations whose hours were flexible
enough to allow women to accommodate
domestic tasks as well as paid labor.
(B) Parents were less likely to teach occupational
skills to their daughters than they were to their
sons.
(C) Women’s participation in the Florentine paid
labor force grew steadily throughout the
sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
(D) The vast majority of female weavers in the
Florentine wool industry had children.
(E) Few women worked as weavers in the Florentine
silk industry, which was devoted to making
cloths that required a high degree of skill to
produce.

想不明白为什么正确答案是A 啊！我选的是E，那个theory of human capital到底是个什么意思呢？哪位牛人能给我解释下吗？
谢谢了！

大兔子宝贝

theory of human capital就是人力资本理论！