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GWD11 Q6

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楼主
发表于 2004-6-27 06:53:00 | 只看该作者

GWD11 Q6

According to a theory advanced


                  by researcher Paul Martin, the wave


                  of species extinctions that occurred


Line       in North America about 11,000 years


  (5)        ago, at the end of the Pleistocene era,


can be directly attributed to the arrival


of humans, i.e., the Paleoindians, who


were ancestors of modern Native


Americans.  However, anthropologist


(10)       Shepard Krech points out that large


animal species vanished even in areas


where there is no evidence to demon-


strate that Paleoindians hunted them.


Nor were extinctions confined to large


(15)       animals:  small animals, plants, and


insects disappeared, presumably not


all through human consumption.  Krech


also contradicts Martin’s exclusion of


climatic change as an explanation by


(20)       asserting that widespread climatic


                  change did indeed occur at the end of


                  the Pleistocene.  Still, Krech attributes


secondary if not primary responsibility


for the extinctions to the Paleoindians,


(25)       arguing that humans have produced


local extinctions elsewhere.  But,


according to historian Richard White,


even the attribution of secondary


responsibility may not be supported


(30)       by the evidence.  White observes that


Martin’s thesis depends on coinciding


dates for the arrival of humans and the


                  decline of large animal species, and


Krech, though aware that the dates


(35)       are controversial, does not challenge


them; yet recent archaeological


discoveries are providing evidence


that the date of human arrival was


much earlier than 11,000 years ago.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Q5:         


Which of the following is true about Martin’s theory, as that theory is described in the passage?


                                    



  • It assumes that the Paleoindians were primarily dependent on hunting for survival.

  • It denies that the Pleistocene species extinctions were caused by climate change.

  • It uses as evidence the fact that humans have produced local extinctions in other situations.

  • It attempts to address the controversy over the date of human arrival in North America.

  • It admits the possibility that factors other than the arrival of humans played a role in the Pleistocene extinctions.

  • Answer:


    --------------------------------------------------------------------------------


    Q6:


    In the last sentence of the passage, the author refers to “recent archaeological discoveries” (lines 36-37) most probably in order to




  • refute White’s suggestion that neither Maritn nor Krech adequately account for Paleoindians’ contributions to the Pleistocene extinctions

  • cast doubt on the possibility that a more definitive theory regarding the causes of the Pleistocene extinctions may be forthcoming

  • suggest that Martin’s, Krech’s, and White’s theories regarding the Pleistocene extinctions are all open to question

  • call attention to the most controversial aspect of all the current theories regarding the Pleistocene extinctions

  • provide support for White’s questioning of both Martin’s and Krech’s positions regarding the role of Paleoindians in the Pleistocene extinctions

  • The answer is C. Why it is not D.

    沙发
    发表于 2004-6-27 07:33:00 | 只看该作者
    Q6: the answer is E.
    Please see another related discussion at http://forum.chasedream.com/dispbbs.asp?boardID=25&ID=55208&page=1
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