OG12-7.4.11 52题A与E该选谁，质疑答案

gedn01

Some observers have attributed the dramatic
growth in temporary employment that occurred in
the United States during the 1980s to increased
participation in the workforce by certain groups,
such as ?rst-time or reentering workers, who
supposedly prefer such arrangements. However,
statistical analyses reveal that demographic
changes in the workforce did not correlate with
variations in the total number of temporary
workers. Instead, these analyses suggest that
factors affecting employers account for the rise
in temporary employment. One factor is product
demand: temporary employment is favored by
employers who are adapting to ?uctuating demand
for products while at the same time seeking
to reduce overall labor costs. Another factor
is labor’s reduced bargaining strength, which
allows employers more control over the terms of
employment. Given the analyses, which reveal that
growth in temporary employment now far exceeds
the level explainable by recent workforce entry
rates of groups said to prefer temporary jobs, ?rms
should be discouraged from creating excessive
numbers of temporary positions. Government
policymakers should consider mandating bene?t
coverage for temporary employees, promoting pay
equity between temporary and permanent workers,
assisting labor unions in organizing temporary
workers, and encouraging ?rms to assign temporary
jobs primarily to employees who explicitly indicate
that preference.
52.  The passage suggests which of the following about the use of temporary employment by ?rms during the 1980s?
(A)   It enabled ?rms to deal with ?uctuating product demand far more ef?ciently than they did before the 1980s.
(B)   It increased as a result of increased participation in the workforce by certain demographic groups.
(C)   It was discouraged by government-mandated policies.
(D)   It was a response to preferences indicated by certain employees for more ?exible working arrangements.
(E)   It increased partly as a result of workers’ reduced ability to control the terms of their employment.
答案是E，我选A
理由
(A)   It enabled ?rms to deal with ?uctuating product demand far more ef?ciently than they did before the 1980s.
at the same time seeking to reduce overall labor costs
在相同的时间内寻求减少总体劳动成本--这就是far more efficiently
(E)   It increased partly as a result of workers’ reduced ability to control the terms of their employment.
which allows employers more control over the terms of employment
employer有more control，没有说worker的control减少了。E选项少了个relative
有没有更好的解释说明E项是正确的

53.  The passage suggests which of the following about the workers who took temporary jobs during the 1980s?
(A)   Their jobs frequently led to permanent positions within ?rms.
(B)   They constituted a less demographically diverse group than has been suggested.
(C)   They were occasionally involved in actions organized by labor unions.
assisting labor unions in organizing temporary workers SUGGEST临时工没有或者很少加入工会，所以occasionally偶少或少量是它的改写
(D)   Their pay declined during the decade in comparison with the pay of permanent employees.
(E)   They did not necessarily prefer temporary employment to permanent employment.
但选E，我就不明白了,看了下面这段字还是不明
the question’s use of the word suggests indicates that the answer is probably not directly stated in the passage.
the author says that the rise in temporary employment now far exceeds the level explainable by recent workforce entry rates of groups said to prefer temporary jobs. thus, the number of workers employed on a temporary basis is far greater than the number of workers who actually do prefer temporary employment.

0o小猪o0

52题 我觉得A是错在enabled 因为文章里的意思是temporary employment is favored 受到雇主的欢迎并不代表能实现这个结果 E选项的定位是another factor is labor's reduced bargaining strength 在选项里被变成了workers' reduced ability to control the terms of their employment.

hughlv

52. 这题我做的时候也错选了A，但后来对答案时觉得自己是推导过度了。我认为efficiently应该从时间效率上来理解而不是成本。如果是从时间效率上来看文章中确实没有提到这一点。关于E，我觉得意思其实蛮清晰的，employer获得更多的控制这显然是相对于worker而言的，他们是博弈的劳资双方。比如合同总共有20个条款，如果employer从原来的对10个条款有决定权变成了有15个，那worker自然控制权变少了。

53. 不太清楚lz是怎么从作者的建议assisting ...推导出temp workers已经参加了labor unions的？反正我是推导不出这个意思来。假如我断定这些temp workers从来没得到过labor union的照顾，你怎么根据文章内容来反驳我呢？E选项的解释就是当前在做临时工的人数要远超过想做临时工的人数，那很显然多出来那部分是被逼无奈了，本来是想做permanent employment的。

0o小猪o0

53题 你选C的定位是在government policymakers should的后面 也就是说是政府被建议做的事情，而题目里问的是1980年临时工作的某种情况 所以应该定位在far exceeds the level explainable by recent workforce entry rates of groups said to prefer temporary jobs

gedn01

53. assisting labor unions in organizing temporary workers...坚持要求工会组织临时工人加入工会。表明工会里临时工人的数量很少或者基本没有
选项They were occasionally involved in actions organized by labor unions.中的occasionally是其改写。
我认为是这样的

hughlv

我的理解不是“工会里临时工人的数量很少或者基本没有”，而是“工会目前没有临时工人”

选项中的occasionally去掉后就是 they were involved in actions organized by labor unions，那言外之意就是工会中肯定有临时工人了。

这两者对于所描述的事实的确定程度是不一样的，所以不能认为是改写。如果原文中是assisting labor unions in increasing temorary workers那就表示工会中确实已经有临时工了。

gedn01

occasionally是偶尔地意思，表明是零星少数
一般地，副词在句子的份量非常重要，所以 ...occasionally involved...表明有临时工人，但人数很少，才有了assisting labor unions in increasing temorary workers

hughlv

表示程度的副词通常起精确限定作用，但并不影响大的方向，就像he occasionally eats apple与he eats apple并没有本质上的差别，都是表示他吃苹果只是吃苹果的频率不同，不会因为有了occasionally就也包含了他完全不吃苹果的意思。零星少数也是一个肯定的意思，即有，而不是没有。

有一些例外比如probably表示可能性的不能归到这个范围内，但这里不作讨论。

rainbowmanutd

52题的题干这个use of 怎么定位？用tem employment？

rainbowmanutd

表示程度的副词通常起精确限定作用，但并不影响大的方向，就像he occasionally eats apple与he eats apple并没有本质上的差别，都是表示他吃苹果只是吃苹果的频率不同，不会因为有了occasionally就也包含了他完全不吃苹果的意思。零星少数也是一个肯定的意思，即有，而不是没有。

有一些例外比如probably表示可能性的不能归到这个范围内，但这里不作讨论。

-- by 会员 hughlv (2010/3/17 11:54:34)

能再解释解释C吗，我还是不太懂，这个题我也选的C。后面说要union组织员工。这个意思不就是说以前不organize吗。。og的解释我觉得也不对呀，解释是 the role of tem - works in unions is not discussed。可后文提到了。