请教prep1-Q20-ESSAY6（Total Quality Management (TQM)）

cookie128

 

Essay #6.  196   (22098-!-item-!-188;#058&00196-00)

 

According to P. F. Drucker, the management philosophy known as Total Quality Management (TQM), which is designed to be adopted consistently throughout an organization and to improve customer service by using sampling theory to reduce the variability of a product's quality, can work successfully in conjunction with two older management systems.  As Drucker notes, TQM's scientific approach is consistent with the statistical sampling techniques of the "rationalist" school of scientific management, and the organizational structure associated with TQM is consistent with the social and psychological emphases of the "human relations" school of management.

 

However, TQM cannot simply be grafted onto these systems or onto certain other non-TQM management systems.  Although, as Drucker contends, TQM shares with such systems the ultimate objective of increasing profitability, TQM requires fundamentally different strategies.  While the other management systems referred to use upper management decision-making and employee specialization to maximize shareholder profits over the short term, TQM envisions the interests of employees, shareholders, and customers as convergent.  For example, lower prices not only benefit consumers but also enhance an organization's competitive edge and ensure its continuance, thus benefiting employees and owners.  TQM's emphasis on shared interests is reflected in the decentralized decision-making, integrated production activity, and lateral structure of organizations that achieve the benefits of TQM.

(CQuestion #20.  196-05
                    (22190-!-item-!-188;#058&000196-05)

 

Which of the following best describes the relationship of the second paragraph to the first paragraph?

 

(A) It presents contrasting explanations for a phenomenon presented in the first paragraph.

(B) It discusses an exception to a general principle outlined in the first paragraph.

(C) It provides information that qualifies a claim presented in the first paragraph.

(C) It provides information that qualifies a claim presented in the first paragraph.

(D) It presents an example that strengthens a claim presented in the first paragraph.

(E) It presents an alternative approach to solving a problem discussed in the first paragraph

答案：C

为什么B不行啊，貌似c的qualify不对吧，第二段说的内容应该是稍稍反对第一段的感觉波

牛牛们怎么看呢？谢谢阿

dianecarton

qualify这里是限定的意思，就好像函数要有个值域一样。第一段大体介绍了TQM， 第二段用作比较的方式解释了TQM的自身特点。

C对

B里面的exception错，因为第二段根本不是一个特例，而是一个进一步的限定，让第一段的总体介绍更清楚。

cookie128

嗯，看来也只能这么理解，谢谢o

happywawa

谢谢dianecarton！

有很多关于结构题的选项都用到了qualify这个抽象动词作为选项，他们都这么理解吗？还是有几种理解方式？ 请教

isMindy

顶一记！！谢谢dinacarton!

又是qualify遇到2次了，都是解释为限定的意思。

lovepiao

qualify这里是限定的意思，就好像函数要有个值域一样。第一段大体介绍了TQM， 第二段用作比较的方式解释了TQM的自身特点。
C对
B里面的exception错，因为第二段根本不是一个特例，而是一个进一步的限定，让第一段的总体介绍更清楚。

-- by 会员 dianecarton (2008/8/21 3:08:00)

这个解释还比较清晰~顶！

yangyx8833

qualify的解释
1.(使)具有资格, (使)合格
I won't qualify until next year.
我明年才具备资格。
This certificate qualifies the products.
这份证书证明产品合格。
His past experience qualified him to handle such a delicate matter.
他过去的经验使他有办法处理好这件微妙的事情。
2.有权，使有权（做某事）
3.达标；获得参赛资格
4.使所说的话语气减弱（或更具体等）
及物动词 vt.
1.限定, 修饰
I'd like to qualify my last statement.

斯巴达克

我也是选b   哎 ，看来阅读还要好好看！