请教LSAT－1－IV－12,14,17

joywzy

If the artificial is not better than the natural, to what end are all the arts of life? To dig, to plow, to build, to wear clothes—all are direct violations of the injunction to follow nature.

17. Which one of the following is an assumption made by the author of the passage?

(A) The arts of life have no useful end.

(B) The artificial is not better than the natural.

(C) Digging, plowing, building, and wearing clothes are better than nature.

(D) The injunction to follow nature should not be violated.

(E) The arts of life are indirect means of following nature

答案：C，我不明白这题的结论是什么？

12. Aristotle wrote that a tyrant would be well advised to put on the appearance of uncommon devotion to religion. Subjects are more tolerant of unjust treatment from a ruler whom they consider god-rearing and pious. Moreover as most subjects believer that even the gods are on the side of the ruler, the subjects are less apt to move against him.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which Aristotle’s argument depends?

(A) The subjects of tyrannical rulers typically believe that there is a power other than the mortal.

(B) A tyrant cannot rule unless he has divine power on his side.

(C) The subjects of tyrannical rulers can rarely be fooled by appearances.

(D) Tyrants who are devoted to religion will not treat their subjects unjustly

(E) For a tyrant, the appearance of uncommon devotion to religion is a more effective means of ruling than unjust treatment

答案：A，　A有点是GAP的假设，请问B为什么不行？
当问假设题时，有两个选项拿不定，该怎么办？取非好象不是太好用。比如B取非：
暴君可以统治，除非有神的保佐，怪怪的。我经常用这种办法拿不定。

14. All those who keep a journal will be heard by the next generation. Some of these journal writers are true artists, others humorous observers of the commonplace, and still others insufferable egotists who feel compelled to record their every thought.

If the statements above are true, which one of the following must be true?

(A) Not all of those who are humorous observers of the commonplace will be heard by the next generation.

(B) Everyone who will be heard by the next generation keeps a journal.

(C) The next generation will hear both insufferable egotists and true artists.

(D) Some of those who keep journals are not true artists, humorous observers of the commonplace, or insufferable egotists.

(E) The next generation will bear some of those who are true artists but not all of them.

答案：C，这种　If the statements above are true, which one of the following must be true?题，我有做有错，有什么好办法吗？

谢谢。

mindfree

1. 原文的论述中有个gap,也可以看成是概念的跳跃. 原文的结论是以问题的形式提出来的, 既作者认为arts of life证明artificial can be better than natural. 逻辑关系是:digging...都是artificial, 所以arts of life中, artificial can be better than natural. 这里的gap是:digging等一定要better than natural, 才能做为论据. 我再举个例子说明这类题型:都说一班的学生比二班的聪明,可是张学友怎么就比一班的王胖子聪明呢?assumption就是张学友是二班的.这个gap不填上就没有结论了.

2.B还是充分必要条件的问题. 原文指出tyrant可以用XXX方法统治,说明这种方法是充分条件. B把这中方法变成了必要条件,必须用这种方法统治才行. 你看到这种答案要在原文中找逻辑关系, 有没有提到非XXX不可. 我以前举的例子:某制度保证福利,所以必须有某制度才能保证福利. 这里就有A-->B,所以B-->A的逻辑关系. 在此文中不存在这种关系, 所以B错.

3.是不是用举反例的方法可以. 这类题目中经常涉及范围.
A, 你要想:如果all humorous observers of the commonplace都记日志, A就对.所以A可对可错.
B.你要想记日志-->will be heard, 记日志只是一个充分条件, 其它事也可以导致will be heard, 所以可对可错.
C.对.两种人都有记日志的, 而记日志一定导致will be heard, 可以正推出来.
D.和原文相反.
E.如果true artists都记日志,那么E就错.

只要你所想的反例不违背原文的意思, 无论多absurd,都可以用.

joywzy

thank you very much, mindfree, i understand now!!

憧憬

请问mindfree，我觉得12题的A选项是提干的一个改写，题中就说了


Subjects    are    more    tolerant    of    unjust    treatment    from    a    ruler    whom    they    consider    


god-rearing    and    pious.    Moreover    as    most    subjects    believer    that    even    the    


gods    are    on    the    side    of    the    ruler,    the    subjects    are    less    apt    to    move    against    him.


这样的选项可以做假设吗？

linchechin

Mindfree真是牛啊!!