lsat-10-2-19,lsat-10-2-20,lsat-10-2-22,lsat-10-2-25,

1stzhang

A university should not be entitled to patent the inventions of its faculty members. Universities, as guarantors of intellectual freedom, should encourage the free flow of ideas and the general dissemination of knowledge. Yet a university that retains the right to patent the inventions of its faculty members has a motive to suppress information about a potentially valuable discovery until the patent for it has been secured. Clearly, suppressing information concerning such discoveries is incompatible with the university’s obligation to promote the free flow of ideas.

19. Which one of the following is an assumption that the argument makes?

(A) Universities are the only institutions that have an obligation to guarantee intellectual freedom.

(B) Most inventions by university faculty members would be profitable if patented.

(C) Publication of reports on research is the only practical way to disseminate information concerning new discoveries.

(D) Universities that have a motive to suppress information concerning discoveries by their faculty members will occasionally act on that motive.

(E) If the inventions of a university faculty member are not patented by that university, then they will be patented by the faculty member instead
这个题目我觉得有几个选项都在支持原文，但是分不清哪个是假设？？

20. The claim that a university should not be entitled to patent the inventions of its faculty members plays which one of the following roles in the argument?

(A) It is the conclusion of the argument.

(B) It is a principle from which the conclusion is derived.

(C) It is an explicit assumption.

(D) It is additional but nonessential information in support of one of the premises.

(E) It is a claim that must be demonstrated to be false in order to establish the conclusion.

这个题目我在a/b之间犹豫结果选了b,答案是a,如何区分a/b?/

22. Politician: From the time our party took office almost four years ago the number of people unemployed city-wide increased by less than 20 percent. The opposition party controlled city government during the four preceding years, and the number of unemployed city residents rose by over 20 percent. Thus, due to our leadership, fewer people now find themselves among the ranks of the unemployed, whatever the opposition may claim.

The reasoning in the politician’s argument is most vulnerable to the criticism that

(A) the claims made by the opposition are simply dismissed without being specified

(B) no evidence has been offered to show that any decline in unemployment over the past four years was uniform throughout all areas of the city

(C) the issue of how much unemployment in the city is affected by seasonal fluctuations is ignored

(D) the evidence cited in support of the conclusion actually provides more support for the denial of the conclusion

(E) the possibility has not been addressed that any increase in the number of people employed is due to programs supported by the opposition party.

如何理解？？

25. Medical research finding s are customarily not made public prior to their publication in a medical journal that has had them reviewed by a panel of experts in a process called peer review. It is claimed that this practice delays public access to potentially beneficial information that, in extreme instances, could save lives. Yet prepublication peer review is the only way to prevent erroneous and therefore potentially harmful information from reaching a public that is ill equipped to \evaluate medical claims on its own. Therefore, waiting until a medical journal has published the research finding s that have passed peer review is the price that must be paid to protect the public from making decisions based on possibly substandard research.

The argument assumes that

(A) unless medical research findings are brought to peer review by a medical journal, peer review will not occur

(B) anyone who does not serve on medical review panel does not have the necessary knowledge and expertise to evaluate medical research finding

(C) the general public does not have access to the medical journals in which research findings are published.

(D) all medical research findings are subjected to prepublication peer review

(E) peer review panels are sometimes subject to political and professional pressures that can make their judgments less than impartial


这个巨长的题目已经把我搞晕了，请帮我看看这个题目中难句？既解答？

Robin

19,25用取非反对法
20，你认为这道题的conclusion是色摸？
22，注意：increased by less than 20 percent，说明人数在增长，只是增长幅度小于20%，这和结论：人数减少是相反的

mindfree

个人意见:
19. C
A, E为无关选项. B包含原文未讨论的问题:profitable. D中的occationally实际上weaken.

20. 结论总是最中的结果. 所谓的principle也只是premises

22. D
失业率增长幅度下降说明还是有更多人失业.

25. A
原文说findings-->medical journal-->peer review是对大众负责,因为peer review是必要的.所以要medical journal. See, peer review必要推出medical journal必要.

leeon

No. 19, agree C,  D is incorrect. If C is not true, then the conclusion that suppressing information concerning such discoveries is incompatible with the university’s obligation to promote the free flow of ideas is untenable.

leeon

No.25: conclusion of the passage:

until a medical journal has published the research findings that have passed peer review is the price that must be paid =>a medical journal has published the research findings-->peer review occured.

A says peer review will not occur unless medical research findings are brought to peer review by a medical journal, that is,peer review occur-->medical research findings are brought to peer review by a medical journal.

anyone can tell me why should the answer A be assumed?

leeon

(A) unless medical research findings are brought to peer review by a medical journal, peer review will not occur

Now, I see A means that peer review will not occur if medical research findings are not brought to peer review by a medical journal<=>peer review will not occur-->medical research findings are not brought to peer review by a medical journal=>medical research findings are brought to peer review by a medical journal-->peer review will occur.

Thus the answer is A!

joe11

我来 try 一下。

A university should not be entitled to patent the inventions of its faculty members. Universities, as guarantors of intellectual freedom, should encourage the free flow of ideas and the general dissemination of knowledge. Yet a university that retains the right to patent the inventions of its faculty members has a motive to suppress information about a potentially valuable discovery until the patent for it has been secured. Clearly, suppressing information concerning such discoveries is incompatible with the university’s obligation to promote the free flow of ideas.

19. Which one of the following is an assumption that the argument makes?

(A) Universities are the only institutions that have an obligation to guarantee intellectual freedom.

    偏激 + 无关， 错。

(B) Most inventions by university faculty members would be profitable if patented.

     错，与原文(potentially valuable) 相悖。

(C) Publication of reports on research is the only practical way to disseminate information concerning new discoveries.

    错，偏激 +  与原文(general dissemination) 相悖。

(D) Universities that have a motive to suppress information concerning discoveries by their faculty members will occasionally act on that motive.

    没错，就是它了。

(E) If the inventions of a university faculty member are not patented by that university, then they will be patented by the faculty member instead

     错， out of scope.

leeon

以下是引用joe11在2004-10-19 13:34:00的发言：

我来 try 一下。

A university should not be entitled to patent the inventions of its faculty members. Universities, as guarantors of intellectual freedom, should encourage the free flow of ideas and the general dissemination of knowledge. Yet a university that retains the right to patent the inventions of its faculty members has a motive to suppress information about a potentially valuable discovery until the patent for it has been secured. Clearly, suppressing information concerning such discoveries is incompatible with the university’s obligation to promote the free flow of ideas.

19. Which one of the following is an assumption that the argument makes?

(A) Universities are the only institutions that have an obligation to guarantee intellectual freedom.

    偏激 + 无关， 错。

(B) Most inventions by university faculty members would be profitable if patented.

     错，与原文(potentially valuable) 相悖。

(C) Publication of reports on research is the only practical way to disseminate information concerning new discoveries.

    错，偏激 +  与原文(general dissemination) 相悖。

(D) Universities that have a motive to suppress information concerning discoveries by their faculty members will occasionally act on that motive.

    没错，就是它了。

(E) If the inventions of a university faculty member are not patented by that university, then they will be patented by the faculty member instead

     错， out of scope.

I made a mistake in this question.Agree D.

lawyer_1

25题：因为A---->B, 所以A---->C。其假设为B---->C

具体到原文：A为prevent erroneous and therefore potentially harmful information from reaching a public that is ill equipped to \evaluate medical claims on its own.（前提中） 。即protect the public from making decisions based on possibly substandard research.（结论中）

B为 prepublication peer review （前提中），即peer review will  occur （A选项中）

C为a medical journal has published the research finding s that have passed peer review（结论中），即medical research findings are brought to peer review by a medical journal（A选项中）

leeon

25. Medical research finding s are customarily not made public prior to their publication in a medical journal that has had them reviewed by a panel of experts in a process called peer review. It is claimed that this practice delays public access to potentially beneficial information that, in extreme instances, could save lives. Yet prepublication peer review is the only way to prevent erroneous and therefore potentially harmful information from reaching a public that is ill equipped to \evaluate medical claims on its own. Therefore, waiting until a medical journal has published the research finding s that have passed peer review is the price that must be paid to protect the public from making decisions based on possibly substandard research.

From this paragraph, we learn the reasoning is that

protect public-->prepublication peer review=>protect public-->medical journal has published the research findings that have passed peer review.

A assumes that   peer review-->medical research findings are brought to peer review by a medical journal

Great!, thx Lawyer!