To 樓主：
閱讀能力個人認為不是靠「刷RC題」跟靠「刷長難句」練的...。以下是一點小小的建議：
Stage1：從頭到尾讀完Sentence Correction的正確句子，思考完主要的邏輯關係後，再用「人話」寫出來。
Growing evidence that coastal erosion occurs continuously, not just in calamitous bursts such as hurricanes, has led scientists and planners to urge a stringent new approach to limiting development along the nation's shoreline.
邏輯語氣：證據推出結論。 自己的人話：更多海岸侵蝕持續發生的證據而不是像颶風一樣calamitous bursts導致學者與計畫者們呼籲新的嚴格方法來限制開發國家的海岸線。（太爛，改！） 越來越多跡象顯示「海岸漸漸被侵蝕」（而不是突然被颶風摧毀），使得學者們呼籲政府出台嚴格政策來控管岸邊開發計畫。（有點不順，改！） 越來越多跡象顯示海岸正在被逐漸侵蝕，使學者們建議政府：政策上要更嚴格控管海岸邊的開發計畫。（最終目標：中學生都聽得懂的人話）
A New York City ordinance of 1897 regulating the use of bicycles mandated a maximum speed of eight miles an hour, required cyclists to keep feet on pedals and hands on handlebars at all times, and granted pedestrians right-of-way. 邏輯關係：陳述法令規範。 自己的人話：1897年的紐約某法令限制：騎單車時速不得超過8英里、身上需佩戴護具、並且遵守「行人優先」的路權。
Stage 2：從頭到尾讀完Critical Reasoning的題幹，思考完作者主要目的後，再用「人話」寫出來。
The higher the level of certain vitamins and minerals in the bloodstream, the better a person's lung function, as measured by the amount of air the person can expel in one second. The lung function of smokers is significantly worse, on average, than that of nonsmokers. Clearly, therefore, one way for smokers to improve their lung function is for them to increase their intake of foods that are rich in these helpful vitamins and minerals. 主要目的：推薦一個養肺的方案。 自己的人話：血液裡的維生素跟礦物質越多，肺功能就越好。既然抽菸的人都爛肺，那叫這些癮君子多吃一點維生素跟礦物質就能養肺了！
A provincial government plans to raise the gasoline tax to give people an incentive to drive less, reducing traffic congestion in the long term. However, skeptics point out that most people in the province live in areas where cars are the only viable transportation to jobs and stores and therefore cannot greatly change their driving habits in response to higher gasoline prices. 主要目的：證明政府政策不能改變人們開車習慣。 自己的人話：政府打算漲汽油稅讓人們減少開車進而抑制堵車。但是批評者認為大多數的人住的地方只能開車到，所以人們不會因此改變開車的習慣。
Stage 3-1：從頭到尾讀完Reading Comprehension的題組文章，結合在前兩個Stage習得的能力，用「人話」寫出來。
In terrestrial environments, gravity places special demands on the cardiovascular systems of animals. Gravitational pressure can cause blood to pool in the lower regions of the body, making it difficult to circulate blood to critical organs such as the brain. Terrestrial snakes, in particular, exhibit adaptations that aid in circulating blood against the force of gravity.
The problem confronting terrestrial snakes is best illustrated by what happens to sea snakes when removed from their supportive medium. Because the vertical pressure gradients within the blood vessels are counteracted by similar pressure gradients in the surrounding water, the distribution of blood throughout the body of sea snakes remains about the same regardless of their orientation in space, provided they remain in the ocean. When removed from the water and tilted at various angles with the head up, however, blood pressure at their midpoint drops significantly, and at brain level falls to zero. That many terrestrial snakes in similar spatial orientations do not experience this kind of circulatory failure suggests that certain adaptations enable them to regulate blood pressure more effectively in those orientations.
One such adaptation is the closer proximity of the terrestrial snake's heart to its head, which helps to ensure circulation to the brain, regardless of the snake's orientation in space. The heart of sea snakes can be located near the middle of the body, a position that minimizes the work entailed in circulating blood to both extremities. In arboreal snakes, however, which dwell in trees and often assume a vertical posture, the average distance from the heart to the head can be as little as 15 percent of overall body length. Such a location requires that blood circulated to the tail of the snake travel a greater distance back to the heart, a problem solved by another adaptation. When climbing, arboreal snakes often pause momentarily to wiggle their bodies, causing waves of muscle contraction that advance from the lower torso to the head. By compressing the veins and forcing blood forward, these contractions apparently improve the flow of venous blood returning to the heart.
在陸地上，動物的心血管系統需要特別適應重力。重力會使血液集中在身體內較低的地方，使得血液難以循環到某些重要器官。其中，陸生蛇就有適應機制來對付以上問題。要了解這個問題，最好就是把海蛇從水裡抓出來觀察。只要是在海裡，海蛇不管什麼姿勢都不會有事，因為血壓跟水壓可以抵消。然而，當海蛇被從水裡抓出來，而且頭上腳下時，海蛇的身體中間血壓就往下掉，頭部的血壓根本消失。陸生蛇卻不會有這個問題，代表他們自有一套適應機制。
第一種適應機制就是讓心臟離頭部近一點，減少血液往上跑的距離。而海蛇心臟則是在中間，到兩邊距離都是等同的。
然而，對樹蛇而言，常常需要維持垂直姿勢，心臟跟頭的距離很短，但是卻反而使尾巴的血很難回到心臟。這時候就需要另一套機制了。樹蛇會在爬樹的時候抖動身體收縮肌肉。藉此壓縮血管把血液往前擠，促使血液流回心臟。
Stage 3-2:進一步簡化，寫出帶有功能架構的summary。
講述問題：動物的心血管系統會被重力影響，蛇有兩個方法可以解決。 介紹方法一：讓心臟離上方頭部近一點。 介紹方法二：抖動身體促進血液循環。
Stage 3-3: 用一句話總結整篇文章。
蛇的血液循環會受到重力影響，所以陸地蛇的心臟位置會靠頭比較近，而尾巴的循環則靠肌肉收縮來促進。
一開始應該是Stage 1的SC每天做5-10句，做完給身邊知識水平最普通（通常推薦媽媽、中學生弟妹）看，請他們把看不懂或覺得怪或不順的地方標注起來，不需要給任何理由，你要修改到他們滿意為止。等到stage 1幾乎都沒問題後，再來進入到Stage 2 CR一天做3-5份短文。然後最後進步到stage 3，每天做1-2篇。
樓主可以思考一下這樣的做法跟單純刷題與刷長難句的區別為何。
Dustin
| 
京公网安备11010202008513号 京ICP证101109号 京ICP备12012021号
发表于 2019-2-28 10:44:14
收藏
收藏
楼主
