求解OG13 逻辑100题

pandrew

100.
Debater: The average amount of overtime per month worked by an employee in the manufacturing division of
the Haglut Corporation is 14 hours. Most employees of the Haglut Corporation work in the manufacturing
division. Furthermore, the average amount of overtime per month worked by any employee in the company
generally does not fluctuate much from month to month. Therefore, each month, most employees of the Haglut
Corporation almost certainly work at least some overtime.

The debater's argument is most vulnerable to criticism on which of these grounds?

(A) It takes for granted that the manufacturing division is a typical division of the corporation with regard to
the average amount of overtime its employees work each month.
(B) It takes for granted that if a certain average amount of overtime is worked each month by each employee
of the Haglut Corporation, then approximately the same amount of overtime must be worked each month
by each employee of the manufacturing division.
(C) It confuses a claim from which the argument's conclusion about the Haglut Corporation would necessarily
follow with a claim that would follow from the argument's conclusion only with a high degree of probability.
(D) It overlooks the possibility that even if, on average, a certain amount of overtime is worked by the
members of some group, many members of that group may work no overtime at all.
(E) It overlooks the possibility that even if most employees of the corporation work some overtime each
month, any one corporate employee may, in some months, work no overtime.

答案选D，但是我选的E。原文得出的结论是大多数employees，每个月，答案D不是符合结论的吗？人家结论也没说是每个employee呀~ 但是E就正好可以反驳原文结论中的每个月，不对么？请NN指教

ukyo2003

这是个好题，我也错过，我的理解是这样的：
逻辑链：工厂大部分人在M部门，M部门的人平均加班18个小时/月，加班的人加班频率和时间都是稳定的，那么推出工厂大部分人都加过班。
削弱：18个小时/20天=0.9小时/天加班，可以看出加班的人其实加班程度并不多，那么完全有可能小部分员工每天加很多班，其他的大部分完全不加班。

The debater's argument is most vulnerable to criticism on which of these grounds? 削弱

(A) It takes for granted that the manufacturing division is a typical division of the corporation with regard to
the average amount of overtime its employees work each month. (本来就是typical的，不需要take for granted，所以无法削弱)
(B) It takes for granted that if a certain average amount of overtime is worked each month by each employee
of the Haglut Corporation, then approximately the same amount of overtime must be worked each month
by each employee of the manufacturing division. (题中没有说same；另外each也不对，文中说most)
(C) It confuses a claim from which the argument's conclusion about the Haglut Corporation would necessarily
follow with a claim that would follow from the argument's conclusion only with a high degree of probability. (这句话绕死了，简化一下再看：It confuses claim A with claim B. A带来文章的结论，B是文章结论很有可能带来的，是因果导致的意思吗？我觉得也不是削弱。这句话不知道理解对不对，高手请指点一下。)
(D) It overlooks the possibility that even if, on average, a certain amount of overtime is worked by the
members of some group, many members of that group may work no overtime at all. (OA：符合削弱分析中描述的内容)
(E) It overlooks the possibility that even if most employees of the corporation work some overtime each
month, any one corporate employee may, in some months, work no overtime. (文中并没有说most employees work OT everymonth，只是说了most employee所在的部门平均OT时间是18个小时，那么不能说明most人都OT，因为有可能是小部分人大量的OT，所以逻辑不成立)


这一题还是很难很绕的，要经常分析这种题。

pandrew

ukyo2003 发表于 2015-5-9 17:33
这是个好题，我也错过，我的理解是这样的：
逻辑链：工厂大部分人在M部门，M部门的人平均加班18个小时/月， ...

谢谢耐心解答啦~我想通了，结论错还是错在most，因为平均数据可能是小部分的人OT太多，而把平均水平抬上去的，谢谢啦！！！1

ukyo2003

嗯，不过刚才才意识到，为什么逻辑题发到语法专区了呢？

pandrew

ukyo2003 发表于 2015-5-10 15:03
嗯，不过刚才才意识到，为什么逻辑题发到语法专区了呢？

发错啦...新手...