请问两个考点attempt和base!

icyeye

请问attempt和base 用法的考点？

古镯

in an attempt to

36. Bufo marinus toads, fierce predators that will eat frogs, lizards, and even small birds, are native to South America but were introduced into Florida during the 1930's in an attempt to control pests in the state's vast sugarcane fields.

(A)  are native to South America but were introduced into Florida during the 1930's in an attempt to control

(B)   are native in South America but were introduced into Florida during the 1930's as attempts to control

(C)  are natives of South America but were introduced into Florida during the 1930's in an attempt at controlling

(D)  had been native to South America but were introduced to Florida during the 1930's as an attempt at controlling

(E)   had been natives of South America but were introduced to Florida during the 1930's as attempts at controlling

Choice A is best. The phrasing are native to correctly suggests that the toad species is indigenous to, and still exists in, South America. In B, native in is unidiomatic; in C and E, natives of illogically suggests that each toad now in Florida hails from South America. In D and E, had been inaccurately implies that the toads are no longer native, or indigenous, to South America, and introduced to Florida is unidiomatic. Both as attempts in B and E and as an attempt in D are wrong because the attempt consists not of the toads themselves, but of their introduction into the environment. The correct phrase, in an attempt (to), should be completed by an infinitive (here, to control), as in A.(重要，体会如何用词，蟾蜍自己本身不是一个attempt)

古镯

base on(OG中我没有找到正例，看一个反例）

11. Based on accounts of various ancient writers, scholars have painted a sketchy picture of the activities of an all-female cult that, perhaps as early as the sixth century B.C., worshipped a goddess known in Latin as Bona Dea, "the good goddess."

(A)  Based on accounts of various ancient writers

(B)  Basing it on various ancient writers' accounts

(C)  With accounts of various ancient writers used for a basis

(D)  By the accounts of various ancient writers they used

(E)   Using accounts of various ancient writers

1．  In choice A, the introductory clause beginning Based on modifies scholars, the noun that immediately follows it: in other words, A says that scholars were based on the accounts of various ancient writers.

2．  Choice B is awkward and impre­cise in that the referent for the pronoun it is not immediately clear.

3．  C and D are also wordy and awkward, and in D By the accounts... they used is an unidiomatic and roundabout way of saying that scholars used me accounts.

4．  E, the best choice, is clear and concise; it correctly uses a present participle (or "-ing" verb) to introduce the modifier describing how the scholars worked.

小结：GMAT中，base的出现经常伴随着被动，为了证实此中想法，我们来看看longam

Longman:

[transitive usually passive] to have your main place of work, business etc in a particular place
The paper had intended to base itself in London.
be based in something
The new organization will be based in Dallas.
ￚsee also based
on/upon

base something on/upon something phrasal verb
to use something as the thing from which something else is developed
Their relationship was based upon mutual respect. an economy based on farming On what do you base your theory?
on/upon

icyeye

感谢gu zhuo