关于to do和for doing的4道GWD题目

chenqiqi77

有这样4道题目

New geneticevidence-together with recent studies of elephants' skeletons, tusks, and otheranatomical features-provide compelling support for classifying Africa'sforest elephants and its savanna elephants as separate species.

D provides compelling support for classifying

E provides compelling support to classify

解析：

A provide B to do C - 表示A要做C
A provide B for doing C- 表示B做C

Todo修饰动词，逻辑主语是to do所修饰动作的发出者
For doing修饰名词，逻辑主语是for doing所修饰的名词

选D

                                                                              

Most statesimpose limitations on the authority of the legislature to borrow money,with their objectives being to protect taxpayers and the credit of thestate government.

A to borrow money, with their objectivesbeing to protect

B to borrow money, the objectives ofwhich are the protecting of

C to borrow money, limitations intended to protect

D for borrowing money, of which theobjective is protecting

E for borrowing money, limitations withthe intent of protecting

解析：

首先比较toborrow 和for borrow,根据原文意思，borrow动作发出者是legislature, 不定式做谓语动词比for doing更加说得通。所以在A，B， C三个选项中选择。

C选项出现同位语，优先考虑。请注意intend用法，此处一定要用被动语态，因为intend动作发出者是立法的人，而不是limitation 本身。eg. policy intended to increase sales.

A选项with引导的独立主格加上being略显繁琐。

B选项更加不简洁。

选C
                                                                              

Respondingto the public's fascination with-and sometimes undue alarm over-possiblethreats from asteroids, a scale developed by astronomers rates thelikelihood that a particular asteroid or comet may collide with Earth.

Castronomers have developed a scale to rate how likely a particular asteroid or comet willbe to

D astronomers have developed a scale for rating the likelihood that a particular asteroid or comet will

选C

                                                                              

Finallyreaching a decision on an issue that has long been politically charged in thePacific Northwest, politicians decided to postpone by at least fiveyears an ambitious plan to protect wild salmon and other endangered fish,instead of which they proposed a series of smaller steps, by which theyintend to protect the fish.

Bpoliticians decided to postpone by at least fiveyears an ambitious plan to protect wild salmonand other endangered fish, proposing instead a series of smaller steps intended.

C politicians decided to postpone by atleast five years an ambitious plan for protecting wild salmon and otherendangered fish, and instead they proposed a series of smaller steps,intending.

选B

                                                                              

然后我现在开始混淆了！
第一题classify的主语是support，所以要用for；
那第二题borrow money的主语是the authority of the legislature，为什么不用for？
第三题rate the ...的主语是scale，为什么不用for？
第四题protect wild salmon是修饰ambitious plan的，为什么不用for？用to protect的话，难道不会产生歧义，变成postpone的目的吗？

好乱！求大神们解释！thanks！

greygray

个人理解，求一同讨论：
第一题，我一直觉得是 provide sth for sb 这个句式，support为名词，所以是用for，当然也因为to有一定歧义
第二题，也是authority的习惯用法 sb have authority on sth / authority of sb to do sth
第三题，表目的，用不定式。for在GMAT里的意思是因为
第四题，用不定式表目的，postpone的目的就是protect wild salmon.
ambitious plan显然是指城市建设啊，或者工业建设之类会影响环境的计划