【伴随状语】是硬伤！！【跪求！！！】OG13几道伴随状语题目望大牛解答！【跪求！！】

poppy77

#OG25#
Neuroscientists,having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
(A) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are
(B) Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(C) Neuroscientists amassing a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood over the past twenty years, and are
(D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about thebrain and its development from birth to adulthood,
(E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,

正确答案选A。我选对了，但回过头来看D、E有几处不懂的地方。先不看D、E的其他错误（比如over the past twenty years位置更换后造成语义变化等），
OG上给出的解释是“this sentence attempts to attach a present-tense descriptor to a present-perfect clause”. 这是什么意思啊？是说现在完成时和现在时不能一起用吗？
还有就是有人说DE选项在未划线部分的伴随状语也用得不对...请问是哪里不对呢... 这句大意不就是一些人掌握了很多信息，然后就可以下定义了一些东西。不是挺好的么..

#OG29#
Emily Dickinson's letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and ending shortly before Emily's death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.
(A) Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and ending shortly before Emily's death in 1886, outnumbering
(B) Dickinson were written over a period that begins a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and ended shortly before Emily's death in 1886, outnumber
(C) Dickinson, written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and that ends shortly before Emily's death in 1886 and outnumbering
(D) Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother, ending shortly before Emily's death in 1886, and outnumbering
(E) Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and ending shortly before Emily's death in 1886, outnumber

正确答案是E。我选的A。因为我觉得outnumbering在一个完整句子后面不就是作全面整个句子的伴随么。句意也挺合理的啊...
而正确选项的E不会因为主谓相隔太开结构不好的节奏么...

#OG35#
By 1940, the pilot Jacqueline Cochran held seventeen official national and international speed records, and she earned them at a time when aviation was still so new for many of the planes she flew to be of dangerously experimental design.
(A) and she earned them at a time when aviation was still so new for many of the planes she flew to be
(B) earning them at a time that aviation was still so new for many of the planes she flew to be
(C) earning these at a time where aviation was still so new that many of the planes she flew were
(D) earned at a time in which aviation was still so new such that many of the planes she flew were
(E) earned at a time when aviation was still so new that many of the planes she flew were

正确答案是是E。我选的C
我不明白的是，伴随状语应该是伴随结果或者动作啊，为什么OG的解释说，这里的earn应该修饰speed records 而非JC这个人，因为离得近些...就近修饰不是which该有的节奏吗?



对于伴随状语真心搞不懂，doing&done 位于句首应该是考的逻辑主语，那位于句中和句尾到底该怎么用呢，怎么感觉可以伴随也可以修饰前面的名词??？还有with，我做OG的时候感觉有with的选项几乎都是错的...可是不能这么玄乎吧，到底应该怎么用呢...

我知道我太次了...真心求解答...

poppy77

没有人理我....

bejamin1111

1.comma+ving这种结构，修饰前句动词或者整句话，逻辑主语是前句主语【重要】；
2.在上面这个规则的基础上，还是要根据句子逻辑判断句子合理中心；如：
Emily Dickinson's letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan's marriage to Emily's brother and ending shortly before Emily's death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.
这个句子说了两个事情：**信是写在什么时候；**数量很大；明显第二个是强调的重点；那么就应该把第一件事作为modifier出现更合理

xiqiong

poppy77 发表于 2013-7-21 14:59
没有人理我....

lz不要伤心~因为你的问题很难，也是大家的一个盲点~所以很难回答啦~
我尝试着解释下吧~你批判的看。
25题，OG的意思说，D选项前面的主句是现在完成时，既然是已经完成了。 那么就不能用ING表示伴随了。 我曾经也疑惑过，那么可不可以用ing表示结果的用法呢？ 也是不对的。 ，ing 这个结构表结果要是很直接的显而易见的结果。
引用WAT77曾经说过的：ing 分词 作结果 状语

只能 是 direct and immediate consequence。直接马上可以看到的 结果

比如，班上新来了20个男生，使得 班上男生 人数 增长了三倍  (tripling the number of boys in class)

比如，I got a 100 on the most recent exam, bringing my average up to 91。


而 这句句子有两个动作

科学家们 收集了 关于 大脑从小孩到成人的 发展的信息。。

然后 得出结论  大脑是如何成长的 ，小孩怎么学习新的知识。

收集了 信息，不能 立刻马上 得出 结论。。不是立杆见影的 结果，不是 immediate consequence

所以不能用，ING。

xiqiong

poppy77 发表于 2013-7-21 14:59
没有人理我....

下面那题直接看manhattan的ron解答的吧~说得很好～http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/post24246.html

xiqiong

poppy77 发表于 2013-7-21 14:59
没有人理我....

第三个　earned 确实是修饰紧靠的那个record的~。 -ed修饰就是靠近的那个名词。    你可以这么看：
.....  and international speed records that was earned at a time....     逻辑关系正确啦·  
LZ加油~  

木以晨夕

poppy77 发表于 2013-7-21 14:59
没有人理我....

楼主你好！以下是我对OG25的浅见，供你参考。我认为你解决D,E这个问题的关键在于搞清2个问题。

1 这句话想要表达什么意思？
这个语义OG已经说得很清楚了：This sentence introduces the subject (Neuroscientists), pauses to explain what neuroscientists are presently doing as a RESULT of their PAST accomplishments.

2 现在分词结构的时态是由主句来决定的(这个知识点在Manhattan Chapter 12: Pronouns and Modifiers: Extra 可以找到，楼主如果不熟悉可以翻看一下，我在下面摘录了一段供你参考)
Present participle get their tense from the main verb in the sentence. Thus, if you want the cleaning to take place at a different time from the seeing, then use the relative clause, not the present participle.                                                                                         
Past: I SAW a man CLEANING the steps. (cleaning takes place in the past)                              
Present: I SEE a man CLEANING the steps. (cleaning takes place in the present)                  
Future: I WILL SEE a man CLEANING the steps. (cleaning takes place in the future)

明白以上两点就可以知道D,E的错误在于now drawing......引导的现在分词结构的时态应该与主句一直，即现在完成时(Neuroscientists have amassed......), 但是NOW确是现在进行时的信号词，所以是时态上自相矛盾。所以OG会说：this sentence attemps to attach a present-tense descriptor (now drawing.....) to a present-perfect clause (Neuroscientists have amassed..... )

木以晨夕

poppy77 发表于 2013-7-21 14:59
没有人理我....

楼主你好！OG29这个题目主要要理解句子意思，也就是句子主要想说什么；这里要强调的是后半句outmember,所以谓语应该是outmember. (A)还有一点不好的就是outmembering距离要修饰的名词letters太远，所以很难判断outmembering修饰的是什么。而你说的主谓太远问题不存在，因为中间只有一个modifier，句子意思很明白。

木以晨夕

楼主您好！您的问题都很好，加油啊！刚开始都会有些糊涂，总结一下就成为自己的了。
首先，OG并没有说earn应该修饰speed records还是JC,其实都是可以的。但是问题在于如果用earning修饰对象就是JC,但是两者又距离太远，容易产生歧义。而修饰speed records就不存在这个问题了。
其次，建议您看一下Manhattan Chapter 6 Modifier, 所有的 noun modifier(不仅仅是which哦)都要紧靠在被修饰对象旁边(touch rule)

poppy77

bejamin1111 发表于 2013-7-21 15:19
1.comma+ving这种结构，修饰前句动词或者整句话，逻辑主语是前句主语【重要】；
2.在上面这个规则的基础上 ...

谢谢！是的我想通了~  要知道作者强调的是后面的outnumber，而不是前面的一大啪啦...  可是，我最开始读题的时候很多时候都分不清作者想要强调的是什么，...是做题做少了么~~