请教介词短语修饰语及位置的问题，谢谢！

mithan

A patient accusing a doctor of malpractice will find it difficult to prove damage if there is a lack of some other doctor to testify about proper medical procedures.
(A) if there is a lack of some other doctor to testify
(B) unless there will be another doctor to testify
(C) without another doctor's testimony
(D) should there be no testimony from some other doctor
(E) lacking another doctor to testify

OG13 verbal上的一道题，OA：C
我的问题是C里面的without介词短语紧邻前面的名词damage，不会有without介词短语修饰这个名词的歧义吗？
另外就是发现我自己的一个语法盲点，介词短语都可以修饰什么？和被修饰对象的位置是怎么样？要紧邻着被修饰的词吗？做状语需不需要加逗号呢？
谢谢！

hemodata

这里with带的是状语从句，位置可以非常的灵活，不需要遵守touch的原则
而且从意思来看，不存在引起误解


看几个正确句子（OG or Prep）

Although a surge in retailsales has raised hopes that a recovery is finallyunder way, many economists say that without a large amount of spending therecovery might not last.

Unlike the honeybee, the yellow jacketcan sting repeatedly without dying and carries a potentvenom that can cause intense pain.

Affording strategicproximity to the Strait of Gibraltar, Morocco was also of interest to theFrench throughout the first half of the twentieth century because they assumedthat without it their girp in Algeria would never be secure.

Originally developed fordetecting air pollutants, a technique called proton-induced X-ray emission,which can quickly analyze the chemical elements in almost any substance withoutdestroying it, is finding uses in medicine, archaeology, andcriminology.

At one time, the majestic American chestnutwas so prevalent that it was said a squirrel could jump from tree totree without once touching the ground between New York State and Georgia.

Whereas a ramjet generally cannot achieve high speeds without theinitial assistance of a rocket, a scramjet, or supersonic combustion ramjet, can attain highspeeds by reducing airflow compression at the entrance of the engine andletting air pass through at supersonic speeds.

mithan

谢谢NN，一看这些例子就明白了。