比较省略的疑问

zhuangzhilingy

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zhuangzhilingy

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enkyklios

帮zhuang兄弟顶，顺便说一下我的看法


我认为可以反过来，应该是判断逻辑然后补全句子，因为一个句子需要怎么补全取决于逻辑。
关于第一题我的看法跟大多数人的看法太不一致我有专门的分析，
关于最后一题；显然不能补成多次进入俄国。事实上应该补成  Although Napoleon's army entered Russia with far more supplies than were taken with them for any previous campaign
对比另一句；The White House is pushing for bigger reductions than are favored by the military.

注意；这时这个句子到了这个程度再也不能补全了，如果试图强行补全主语。语法学家们说这在逻辑上自相矛盾，在句法上经不起检验，语义上经不起分析。（呵呵他们的原话）

关于大道至简，我觉得到不如说是奥卡姆剃刀，没有必要的东西，我们一概去掉，
但是在较的时候这个语法现像还是需要多分类讨论才行。因为省略其实有两种有的是可以补上what,或者it.
例如；he drove faster than was wise. 我们就可以补成he drove faster than it was wise .
必须要区分开这两种现像，不然至简会带来混乱

zhuangzhilingy

enkyklios 发表于 2013-7-2 18:34
帮zhuang兄弟顶，顺便说一下我的看法

你补全了这一句 Although Napoleon's army entered Russia with far more supplies than were taken with them for any previous campaign。意思上比较的是supplies。supplies在前面部分是副词修饰成分with far more supplies 的一部分，而supplies根据意思分析在后面部分中是主语成分，后面部分根据句意应该还原为The supplies were taken with them for any previous campaign。可以看到比较前后的主谓宾完全不一样。

我似乎悟出点什么东西了。我以前以为比较的后半部分省略的部分是和前面是一样的语法成分所对应的单词，现在看来省略的只是同样的单词而已，并不一定省略的是语法成分上对应的和前面是一样的单词和。比如 Although Napoleon's army entered Russia with far more supplies than for any previous campaign , it had provisions for only twenty-four days.这是原题中的正确答案。 按我以前的理解，省略的是和前面是一样的语法成分所对应的单词，than后面只有for any previous campaign。只有一个介词短语。应该把省略的主谓宾补齐，把前面的主谓宾照样搬过来，变成了than Napoleon's army entered Russia with supplies for any previous campaign, 所以意思上变化了。

这么看来至少是在这个题里，做题时先是找出句子真正的意思，即到底要比较什么。意思是拿破仑军队进入俄国带的补给比他们为以前任何一次战役带的补给要多的多。然后根据这个意思在选项中找语法上合适的句子。

(A) they had in their previous campaigns

(B) their previous campaigns had had

(C) they had for any previous campaign

(D) in their previous campaigns

(E)  for any previous campaign 正确。  A、B、C都是单复数不一致的错误，因为前面的army是单数所以后面不能用复数。D的错误在于用了in，没有用for合适。E项虽“省略过度”，应该是 than were taken with them for any previous campaign。把were taken with them省略掉了，但是如不省略的话感觉题目难度一下子小了许多，省略后意思也没有变化，所以E正确。

结合这一句The White House is pushing for bigger reductions than are favored by the military。这是我从有道字典的权威例句里搜到的，来源于国外的报纸期刊。 这句仿照上面那道prep的题也可以写为The White House is pushing for bigger reductions than by the military。

彻底清楚了，感觉是醍醐灌顶啊。

enkyklios

zhuangzhilingy 发表于 2013-7-2 20:48
你补全了这一句 Although Napoleon's army entered Russia with far more supplies than were taken with ...

关于A没有单复数的问题恐怕也不好，A应该是下边这句话的省略
Although Napoleon's army entered Russia with far more supplies than they had （enteried russia with）  in any  previous compaign

这句仿照上面那道prep的题也可以写为The White House is pushing for bigger reductions than by the military

这个我觉得不能省略成这样。supplies for previous compaign 很通顺，但是reductions by milltary . 我们没有办法理解，至少没有办法理解成原来句子的意思

zhuangzhilingy

enkyklios 发表于 2013-7-2 21:16
关于A没有单复数的问题恐怕也不好，A应该是下边这句话的省略
Although Napoleon's army entered Russia wi ...

拿破仑这道题是OG10里的题，只是OG给的解释。If than is followed by a clause referring to army, the subject of that clause must be singular (it). Furthermore, the verb of that clause will need to be in the past perfect form (had had) because it refers to a time before the simple past of entered. Finally, the preposition for is more precise than in because supplies are gathered for an upcoming campaign. Choices A and C incorrectly use the plural they and the simple past had. Moreover, A uses the less precise in. Choices D and E wisely dispense with the full clause and use a simple prepositional phrase. D, however, uses the imprecise in and the plural their. Only E, the best choice, avoids all the errors mentioned above.
The White House is pushing for bigger reductions than by the military。这句话改成这样意思上是有点模糊。我不只不过是想更好的学习并利用一下上次分析的那个结论罢了。看来还是语义最重要。