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楼主: enkyklios
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[SC总结] 名词化

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21#
发表于 2013-6-15 14:49:17 | 只看该作者
看到总结这里是代词的总结帖,想问两个问题呀“

1. There be something.这个句式中真正的主语,something是不是一般不好指代
2. A of B, 中的B一般是不是不能指代。
22#
发表于 2013-6-15 15:14:21 | 只看该作者
代词不能指代介词短语里面的成分,这个说法我听过不少,但一直没在MANH上找到相关的说明。

the technique of institutions 这里 institution 也算是在介词后面吧?但这种情况我们还是可以用 they 来指代它。

MANH的例句证实了这一点:The board is investigating the compensation packages of several executives in order to determine how much THEY may have been improperly awarded.

所以我怀疑介词短语中的每次不能被指代会不会是一个伪规则?

我也是看Manhattan这里看的前后矛盾。

A of B 与 B A 表达应该是一样的,

就拿你的例子来说, the technique of institutions 与 the institutions technique 意思是一致的。insititutions 在the institutons techinique里面做的 名词性形容词。 Manhattan 前面说名词性形容词不能被看做名词,不能成为先行词,也不能被指代。

但是在
      The board is investigating the compensation packages of several executives in order to determine how much THEY may have been improperly awarded
       They 又可以指代 executives

难道这是因为 在 packages of executives 里的of 表示一种所有,而不是用of B 来限制修饰A,B是一直变体所有格,而不是名词性形容词? 或者A of B 不能无条件变成 B+A?

还有一种解释,就是Manhattan对这个例子讲错了,GMAC 就是认定 A of B 的中B不能指代。
(我似乎在OG上碰到一个不能指代B的题。但是,没有记住题号。。。。)
23#
 楼主| 发表于 2013-6-15 15:56:58 | 只看该作者
Apolloemma 发表于 2013-6-15 14:49
看到总结这里是代词的总结帖,想问两个问题呀“

1. There be something.这个句式中真正的主语,something ...

我找不到there be something,不能被指代的语法依据。
There is gravity everywhere. It gives shape to the orbits of the planets,。
如果你看到过这方面的论述,可以分享一下。
2,A of B肯定是可以指代B的,但关键在于什么时候可以
24#
 楼主| 发表于 2013-6-15 16:15:31 | 只看该作者
发表于 2011-4-6 16:29:52 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览82.(28855-!-item-!-188;#058&004055)



In a blow to those who still harbored the illusion(错觉) that E-mail exchanges are private, a watchdog group recently uncovered a trick for enabling an interloper to rig an E-mail message so that this person will be privy to any comments that a recipient had added as the message is forwarded to others or sent back and forth.



(A) who still harbored the illusion that E-mail exchanges are private, a watchdog group recently uncovered a trick for enabling an interloper to rig an E-mail message so that this person will be privy to any comments that a recipient had added

(B) who had still been harboring the illusion that E-mail exchanges are private, a watchdog group recently uncovered a trick for enabling an interloper to rig an E-mail message so that this person was privy to any comments that a recipient might have added

(C) who still were harboring the illusion that E-mail exchanges are private, a watchdog group recently uncovered a trick enabling an interloper to rig an E-mail message so that this person is privy to any comments that a recipient would add

(D) still harboring the illusion that E-mail exchanges are private, a watchdog group recently uncovered a trick that enables an interloper to rig an E-mail message so that this person will be privy to any comments that a recipient might add

(E) still harboring the illusion that E-mail exchanges had been private, a watchdog group recently uncovered a trick that will enable an interloper to rig an E-mail message so that this person was privy to any comments that a recipient might add

想请问这道题为什么those可以单独出现,还有,those到底指代什么呢?谢谢啦~
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Besides adding complementary flavors to many foods, hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, just as exercise does, and these have a pain-relieving effect like morphine's.

A
(B) hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, like exercise, and they have a pain-relieving effect that is like morphine.
(C) hot sauces and exercise both stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, and they have a pain-relieving effect like morphine.
(D) the release of endorphins in teh brain is stimulated both by hot sauces and exerciese, and they ahve a pain-relieving effect like morphine's.
(E) the release of endorphins in the brain is stimulated by hot sauces, just as with exercise, and these have a pain-relieving effect like that of morphine.


Could someone explain the how "like excercise" is used in B. I thought "just as excercise does" in A is better than B?

Pathik



ron大神
y'know what, i've actually seen this one firsthand. much to my chagrin, it's legitimate.

i'm still seething at the use of "these" as a standalone pronoun.
this is one of the worst sentences i've ever seen.
93.Nobody knows exactly how many languages there are in the world, partly becauseof the difficulty of distinguishing between a language and thesublanguages or dialects within it, but those who have tried to count typicallyhave found about five thousand.
(A)and the sublanguages or dialects within it, but those who have tried to counttypically have found
(B)and the sublanguages or dialects within them, with those who have tried countingtypically finding
(C)and the sublanguages or dialects within it, but those who have tried countingit typically find
(D) orthe sublanguages or dialects within them, but those who tried to count themtypically found
(E) orthe sublanguages or dialects within them, with those who have tried to counttypically finding
正确答案A
我的疑问是: but those who have..... 这句中those代指的是人么? 计算语言种类的人?
manhatten语法中讲: those可以指代之前的事物,但是不是同一个,是同一类但是是新的或者之前的。
条件1.这个只是代词被修饰。这里who.....修饰。2.those和指代的词语单复数一致。

我的疑问是,这里those是指人? 还是指languages?
疑问1.如果指人。 those have found five thousand. 但是指人的话,those代指谁呢?前句没有复数的人啊.
疑问2.如果languages,这里就不是很好理解了, languages have found five thousand. 这里主谓搭配应该是 languages have been found five thousand. 才对吧?

求NN解惑。

本帖最后由 enkyklios 于 2013-6-15 16:08 编辑

abc791201064 发表于 2013-6-13 18:50
感觉代词指代除了几个必要的原则外 其他都别用来做SPLIT 除非特别明显和确定的错误 我是吃过亏的  像这个题 ...


abc兄弟在不在

1;By giving prominence to the fact that this is not that already considered: A different
2;If you say that you have yet to do something, you mean that you have never done it, especially when this is surprising or bad.
帮我分析一下这句话的指代,this it 都是指代的什么

本帖最后由 enkyklios 于 2013-6-14 05:34 编辑


Although appearing less appetizing than most of their round and red supermarket cousins,heirloom tomatoes, grown from seeds saved during the previous year--they are often green and striped, or have plenty of bumps and bruises---heirlooms are more flavorful and thus in increasing demand.

正确选项为:Although heirloom tomatoes,  grown from seeds saved during the previous year, appear less appetizing than most of their round and red supermarket cousins.
想问的就是 为什么原句不对呢??错误在哪里呢?? 还有一点困惑的地方在于 第一个破折号之后的they指代的应该是heirloom tomatoes ,如果按照正确答案的来说的话,正确答案已cousins结尾,那么来说的话这个they岂不是会有指代的歧义????知道的牛牛们帮忙解答一下吧 感激不尽!!!

In a previous design, the weight of the discus used in track competition is concentrated in a metal center, but now it is lined with lead around the perimeter, thereby improving stability in flight and resulting in longer throws.
在og的解释中,这里代词it 在语法上指代weight,因此是没有意义的。那我纠结的是,曼哈顿上说“不用担心句子中很多个名词都会成为代词的先行词,只要有唯一的一个合理的先行词就算句子正确”。那么这里的it能否用来指代discus呢?这样指代一定是错的呢还是说最好不要这样指代?虽然代词优先指代主句主语,但并不一定是局限于此的吧。
此外,还有这个问题
According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land is still a goal of a majority of young adults, as it was of earlier generations. (OG正确句子)这个题目中是否犯了一句话中同一代词(it)指代不同事物的错误呢?第一个its指代house, 而第二个it指代前面的整个主语。代词指代不是原则性的错误吗?



哪位NN能帮我解答一下啊。。谢谢啊!
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In late 1997, the chambers inside the pyramid of the Pharaoh Menkaure at Giza were closed to visitors for cleaning and repai because moisture exhaled by tourists had raised the humidity within them to such levels that salt from the stone was crystallizing

The Olympic Games helped to keep peace among the pugnacious states of the Greek world world when they proclaimed a sacred truce for the festival month

Marconi conceived of the radio as a tool for private conversation that could substitute for the telephone; instead, it has become
A majority of the international journalists surveyed view nuclear power stations as unsafe at present but think that they will be or could or could, be made sufficiently safe in the *future.
指代宾语

but was already in Old English construed as a conjunction, not affecting the case of the following n. or pronoun, which depends upon the expansion of its own clause.
which 指代caseits 指代pronoun ??????   定语从句中的指代
主语的指代,宾语的指代。  其它成份的指代。 定语从句之中的指代(可以当成句中指代)。

222. Although people in France consume fatty foods at a rate comparable to the United States, their death rates from heart disease are far lower in France.
A.people in France consume fatty foods at a rate comparable to the United States, their
B.people in France and the United States consume fatty foods at about the same rate, the
C.fatty foods are consumed by people in France at a comparable rate to the United States’s, their
D.the rate of fatty foods consumed in France and the United States is about the same, the
E.the rate of people consuming fatty foods is about the same in France and the United States, the

正确答案是B。但是C项的解释说Their 指代的是people in France。

我的问题是,为什么第二题的by people in France可以被指代,但是第一题的by tourists不可以被指代呢。。

The Gorton Dodd bill requires that a bank disclose to its customers how long it will delay access to funds from deposited checks



Japanese researchers are producing a series of robots that can identify human facial expressions, to which they will then respond; their goal is primarily creating a robot that will empathize with us.
A. expressions, to which they will then respond; their goal is primarily creating
B. expressions, then responding to them; primarily to create
C. expressions and then respond to them; the researchers' primary goal is to create
D. expressions as well as giving a response to them; their primary goal is creation of
E. expressions and responding to them; primarily, the researchers' goal is creating


In a previous design, the weight of the discus used in track competition is concentrated in a metal center, but now it is lined with lead around the perimeter, thereby improving stability in fl ight and resulting in longer throws.
(A) In a previous design, the weight of the discus used in track competition is concentrated in a metal center, but now it is
(B) According to a previous design, the weight of the discus used in track competition was concentrated in a metal center, but now it is
(C) Once designed with its weight concentrated in a metal center, the discus used in track competition is now
(D) The discus used in track competition, once designed with its weight concentrated in a metal center, but now
(E) The discus used in track competition was once designed having its weight concentrated in a metal center and now




In California, a lack of genetic variation in the Argentine ant has allowed the species to spread widely; due to their being so genetically similar to one another, the ants consider all their fellows to be a close relative and thus do not engage in the kind of fierce intercolony struggles that limits the spread of this species in its native Argentina.

  • A.due to their being so genetically similar to one another, the ants consider all their fellows to be a close relative and thus do not engage in the kind of fierce intercolony struggles that limits
  • B.due to its being so genetically similar the ant considers all its fellows to be a close relative and thus does not engage in the kind of fierce intercolnny struggles that limit
  • C.because it is so genetically similar, the ant considers all its fellows to be close relatives and thus does not engage in the kind of fierce intercolony struggles that limits
  • D.because they are so genetically similar to one another, the ants consider all their fellows to be close relatives and thus do not engage in the kind of fierce intercolony struggles that limit
  • E.because of being so genetically similar to one another, the ants consider all their fellows to be a close relative and thus do not engage in the kind of fierce intercolony struggles that limits


这题是不是没出好? 虽然答案是C,而且我也知道句末的那个ITS 是指代THE ANT, 所以必须得用单数,但struggles that limits 不是很奇怪吗,struggles是复数吧怎么能用 THAT LIMITS呢?










25#
发表于 2013-6-15 17:56:03 | 只看该作者
enkyklios 发表于 2013-6-15 02:58
abc兄弟在不在

1;By giving prominence to the fact that this is not that already considered: A diff ...

才上

第一个句子不完整啊亲  MS  

第二句 如果你说你还没做什么,你的意识就是你还没有做 ta (指代 something) 特别是当这很X和X的时候

我晕了。。。。。这是神马意思
26#
 楼主| 发表于 2013-6-15 18:06:30 | 只看该作者
abc791201064 发表于 2013-6-15 17:56
才上

第一个句子不完整啊亲  MS  

你都是说的第一句话吧,这是词典对another的解释。
这才是第二句话嘛
;If you say that you have yet to do something, you mean that you have never done it, especially when this is surprising or bad.
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