陈虎平阅读36套 excercise 29

AnnieZhuo

The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States
Constitution, ratified in 1868, prohibits state governments
from denying citizens the "equal protection of the laws."
Although precisely what the framers of the amendment
meant by this equal protection clause remains unclear, all
interpreters agree that the framers' immediate objective was
to provide a constitutional warrant for the Civil Rights Act
of 1866, which guaranteed the citizenship of all persons
born in the United States and subject to United States
jurisdiction. This declaration, which was echoed in the text
of the Fourteenth Amendment, was designed primarily to
counter the Supreme Court's ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford
that Black people in the United States could be denied
citizenship. The act was vetoed by President Andrew Johnson,
who argued that the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished
slavery, did not provide Congress with the authority to extend
citizenship and equal protection to the freed slaves.
Although Congress promptly overrode Johnson's veto,
supporters of the act sought to ensure its constitutional
foundations with the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment.

4.The author implies that the Fourteenth Amendment
might not have been enacted if
(A) Congress' authority with regard to legislating
civil rights had not been challenged
(B) the framers had anticipated the Supreme Court's
ruling in Brown v. Board of Education
(C) the framers had believed that it would be used in
deciding cases of discrimination involving
non-racial groups
(D) most state governments had been willing to
protect citizens' civil rights
(E) its essential elements had not been implicit in the
Thirteenth Amendment



答案是A。。。为什么呀

杀G的猴子

这道题确实麻烦阿～～不但涉及法律，还在写作顺序上比较绕，导致逻辑关系要自己去理出来，而不是流线型的，我就提点自己的拙见吧，谨供你激发灵感

感觉最后一句，尤其是Although这个让步词是关键。

President Andrew Johnson veto了一个Act
这个被Andrew 试图veto的act就是前文和A选项种提到的Civil Rights Act
然后Congress立马overrode了他的这个veto。
而作者用了Although来形容Congress的反应，
就说明了Congress的authority受到了challenge
否则不需要supporter来推行14th Amendment了。

反过来说，如果Congress authority（legislating，即立法权）没有被challenge
，也就是说President Andrew Johnson不去Veto的话，原来一切都正常，Civil Right Act就会如Congress所期待的发挥作用。

而现实却不是这样，结尾作者用了although
就是说congress的overrode有点无力
所以需要进一步从法律上，14th Amendement的制定来找支持
而最前面也说了所有翻译者都赞同这个14th修正案的发起者有一个明确的目的就是为了保证President Andrew想要veto的Civil Right Act of 1866

最后，用排除法，B中间ruling in Brown Board of Education文中未提及，C中间，non racial group与文中主题相反，D中，most state这个程度和范围未提及，只有E有些干扰，但是essential element这个太含糊

AnnieZhuo

杀G的猴子 发表于 2013-4-26 12:42
这道题确实麻烦阿～～不但涉及法律，还在写作顺序上比较绕，导致逻辑关系要自己去理出来，而不是流线型的， ...

谢谢！！！！！！