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关于虚拟语气的用法,就要考了,急..

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楼主
发表于 2004-12-4 04:32:00 | 只看该作者

关于虚拟语气的用法,就要考了,急..

我手边没有语法书,谁能告诉我虚拟预期的格式?


虚拟现在:从句 什么时态?主句: were ?


虚拟过去:  从句:过去时 ?主句 would(should, could) have +v过去分词 ?


虚拟将来: 从句 现在时? 主句 would (should, could)+ v原形?


我只能想起这么多了?谁能post一个完整的关于虚拟语气的用法帖子? 谢谢


高中语法讲过的,我上高中时的笔记还在,可是不在手边

沙发
发表于 2004-12-4 09:57:00 | 只看该作者

a、同现在事实相反的假设。

句型 :  条件从句            主句

一般过去时      should( would) +动词原形

If they were here, they would help you.

b、表示于过去事实相反的假设。

句型:   条件从句            主句

过去完成时      should(would) have+ 过去分词

If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.  

The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful. 

If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.

If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.

含义:He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.

If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.

含义: He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress. 

c、表示对将来的假想

句型:   条件从句            主句

一般过去时      should+ 动词原形

were+ 不定式        would + 动词原形

should+ 动词原形

If you succeeded, everything would be all right.

If you should succeed, everything would be all right.

If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.

主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主,从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句。

If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.

(从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反。)

If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).

板凳
 楼主| 发表于 2004-12-4 10:53:00 | 只看该作者

谢谢Maggieyin, I really appreciate it.

地板
发表于 2004-12-4 12:41:00 | 只看该作者
if条件从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气,主句谓语动词也要用虚拟语气
1.表示与现在的事实相反:从句的谓语动词用过去时(be一律用were),主句用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/might+动词原形
2.表示与过去的事实相反:从句的谓语动词用had+过去分词,主句用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/might+have+动词原形
3.表示与将来的事实相反:从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形,主句用should(第一人称)/would(第二、三人称)/could/might+动词原形
(详见白勇的《GMAT语法全解》,其实高中老师都讲过,就是记不住)
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