再讨论“Superbat：PREP 202 关于各种比较”中的几个问题 求拍砖！

rabbit1937

以下是superbat大神发表于: 2011-08-06 13:59:02
202.(31980-!-item-!-188;#058&006267)(GWD-27-Q7)

Providing initial evidence that airports are a larger source of pollution than they were once believed to be, environmentalists in Chicago report that the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O’Hare International Airport is twice as much as that which is being emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.
motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.

A. as much as that which is being emitted annually by all
B. as much annually as is emitted by the
C. as much compared to what is annually emitted by all
D. that emitted annually by all
E. that emitted annually compared to the

题中有两处比较
1. 先试图还原下紫色部分，用D正确答案的形式，请大家批判：
The total amount of pollutant (that is) emitted annually by vehicles at OIA is twice the amount of pollutant（用that指代了）(that is) emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the CMA.

而如果像B选项，暂且把annually位置放在正确的地方，暂且认为后一个as可以做“比较从句的主语”，是否补全后仍然是错的，比较对象仍不平行？
The total amount of pollutant (that is) emitted annually by vehicles at OIA is twice as much as(指代the amount of pollutant) is emitted anually by all motor vehicles in the CMA. 我的意思是这个is的出现，是不是导致二者不平行了？~



2. 而对于蓝色部分，请问除了比较省略的部分？对于将一个东西和其之前believe to be的情况相比较的用法，我仍不是很清楚。给出一个OG题：Q12 正确句子
A surge in new home sales and a drop in weekly unemployment claims suggest that the economy might not be as weak as some analysts previously thought.
毛毛在一个帖子里说，全句补全后应如下：A surge in new home sales and a drop in weekly unemployment claims suggest that the economy might not be as weak as (the economy that) some analysts previously thought (might be).

我对此表示基本同意。但是我想请问，如果把比较部分改为： The economy might not be as weak as (the economy that) some analysts previously thought to be(might be). 请问此句语法上是否有错？还是仅仅说to be是多余成分，但并无语法错误？

而结合到本题蓝色比较部分，我想请问各位NN，蓝色部分补全后应是怎样的？还是根本不需要再补全？ 此外 believe to be的to be能否去掉？还是说用believe to be是为了表达出“当年被believe而后会成为什么样子” 这样的想法？

现行谢过！

-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/8/6 13:59:02)

关于B选项对于第二个比较的影响问题：

1，显然as做指代，指代前述的the total amount of pollutant；

2，所以补齐原文，the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O’Hare International Airport is twice as much as the amount of pollutent is emitted by the motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area。

3，问题就出现了，上述变成了一个名词，the total amount of X, 与 一clause之间进行比较，显然是不合适的。

4，可以类比其他题目中 as 或者 than 做关系代词题目的例子，我们可以发现，正式由于前后恰恰是需要两句完整的句子进行比较才采用了此种用法，避免了前面一句话去比较后面一个主语这样的错误的。

例如，
prep-218, Only seven people this century have been killed by the great white shark, the man-eater of the movies（插入语丢掉）—fewer than have been killed by bee stings.
中我们可以看出，Only seven people this century have been killed by the great white shark这件事情与 XXpeople have been killed by bee stings这件事情进行对比。而若改为 fewer than those killed by bee stings,则成为了与 事件与人对比，显然不对。
而the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O’Hare International Airport is twice as much as the amount of pollutent is emitted by the motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area 无非是倒过来。

5，很关键但也是最为疑惑的一点，除了通过体会文章含义以外，如何能够判断是句子比句子，还是句子的某个成分比上句子的某个成分？好几天来也困惑着我。
environmentalists in Chicago report that the total amount of pollutant emitted annually by vehicles at O’Hare International Airport is twice as much as that which is being emitted annually by all motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.
motor vehicles in the Chicago metropolitan area.
就这个为例，我认为题干中前面的主系表结构基本上就决定了比较的主体是主语，而且恰恰比较词就出现在了表语之中，更加确定是N比N。

Only seven people this century have been killed by the great white shark, the man-eater of the movies（插入语丢掉）—fewer than have been killed by bee stings.
而这个例子之中：（思路混乱，有几个凌乱的感觉，不知道对不对，请NN们指教）
首先，fewer than 直接进行主语数量的比较，而不是在主语的某个修饰词上面做比较（主语也没有none modifier），而两个主语的区别体现在哪里？答：只能是体现在他们发出的动作之上，即谓语动词，从而需要连带谓语动词一起比较，变成了句子比较句子；第二，（不是上述例子）有时候感觉比较词常常出现在句子的最后，（有状语的感觉，修饰整个句子），这种时候往往需要整句话的比较，故而常采用as/than指代的用法。（求印证，大家帮帮忙）——第二点并不确定，这里类似“SVO，fewer than ”之中的fewer than应该理解为什么成分呢？？

混乱不堪，求大家拍砖

xohe赵

首先我很感谢楼主又让我看清比较的问题。

我觉得比较最组要的是看省略后还原还能还原不，就这么简单。楼主你觉得呢？而不是仅仅局限于句子或者名
词