og13 97 真心求教~~~

猪小王

qiuhua01234567 发表于 2012-9-2 09:05
这句话的意思是：少了that，让人感觉后面的东西都是对what anthropologist claim的补充，但是作者想要表达 ...

同意！               

germain

我理解，破折号后面是对前面内容的另一种解释，一般是更通俗的解释；破折号后如果没有that，那么这句话解释或者对应的是some anthropologists believe，但实际上，at some time一句解释的是believe that后的部分，即the genetic homogeneity evident in the world's people is the result of a "population bottleneck"

germain

germain 发表于 2017-4-24 16:19
我理解，破折号后面是对前面内容的另一种解释，一般是更通俗的解释；破折号后如果没有that，那么这句话解释 ...

换句话说，以下两句话都是对的，
1， the genetic homogeneity evident in the world's people is the result of a "population bottleneck"—at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event that reduced their numbers and thus our genetic variation.

2，Some anthropologists believe that the genetic homogeneity evident in the world's people is the result of a "population bottleneck"— that at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event that greatly reduced their numbers and thus our genetic variation.

djdyzqq

HyeHye 发表于 2013-3-2 11:21
动名词的用法有2种:1. 做状语，表伴随状态，放在句末时，逻辑主语是主句的主语2. 做定语，修饰前面的中心词 ...

同意！               

djdyzqq

MAXFIN 发表于 2016-9-9 11:31
关于reducing 贴一下ron 对，v-ing的解释：
Ron曾经阐述了使用comma+ing的条件，
即

同意！               

pijiang

请问greatly reduced their numbers and thus our genetic variation.是怎么平行的？
reduced是谓语，所以只能 their numbers and thus our genetic variation平行，那句意就变成减少我们基因的变化了
that后面又不能没有谓语，很疑惑。

RichardVeritas

Some anthropologists believe that the genetic homogeneity evident in the world's people is the result of a "population bottleneck"—at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event, greatly reducing their numbers and thus our genetic variation.

A at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event, greatly reducing their numbers
B that at some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event that greatly reduced their numbers
C that sometime in the past our ancestors suffered an event so that their numbers were greatly reduced
D some time in the past our ancestors suffered an event from which their numbers were greatly reduced
E some time in the past, that our ancestors suffered an event so as to reduce their numbers greatly,


排除点
C 中sometime 错，不是有时，时不时，而是过去某个时刻
D/E some time 不如 at some time 好。先看A/B。
B an event that reduced their numbers and thus our genetic variation 简洁明了。这里平行就是reduced their numbers and thus (reduced）our genetic variation
A 中动名词不好，动名词有伴随状态意义，做修饰，但这里不如B过去时态表达清楚。这是明显过去发生的一件事。
再看D/E，event后的写法都不如B简单清楚。
选B


Richard 770 语法解题方法答疑
https://forum.chasedream.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1304934&fromuid=1294035

清纯男大学生

发表于 2012-08-05 22:00:53
the agent or cause of reducing is unclear.这个应该是指：r...

有修饰ancestor的嫌疑意思是ancestor可能是reducing的逻辑主语，是这样么

Binhomekong

germain 发表于 2017-4-24 16:22
换句话说，以下两句话都是对的，
1， the genetic homogeneity evident in the world's people is the re ...

一语点破。dash 后面加不加that 不是主要考点。

domifan

MAXFIN 发表于 2016-9-9 11:31
关于reducing 贴一下ron 对，v-ing的解释：
Ron曾经阐述了使用comma+ing的条件，
即

第一个that我是能理解的，吸取23楼的想法，这个that是要和believe that做平行。OG上也是这么说的“ Scientists believe that X—[in other words,] that Y. In thisconstruction, X and Y are parallel clauses.”。我还是纠结第二个that是否一定必有，og为什么说 “The agent or cause of reducing is unclear.”。为什么reduing不能做结果状语？我记得，如果svo，+ving 的结构可以表伴随，也可以表结果。
如果是做伴随，要同时符合两个条件，
1，是伴随状语的动作是“主句主语”发出的（也就是逻辑主语和主句主语一致），
2，是伴随状语的动词必须和主句动作“同时发生”(也就是伴随状语的动词时态是来源于主句的);
所以，reducing不能做伴随状语是很明显的，因为主句主语是our ancestors，而reducing修饰的逻辑上应该是 an event；
若是结果状语的条件是
1，那修饰的是前面的主句动词，无逻辑主语；——既然不需要逻辑主语，就没有可能修饰ancestors的担忧了。（reducing修饰 suffer感觉也没什么毛病啊，遭遇了才导致人减少的嘛）
最后只能强迫自己这样理解（虽然我自己觉得有点牵强）：因为不是“our ancestors suffered an event”这个句子导致reduc这个结果，而是这个 an event导致reduce，使用用定语从句确实是最明确的。