这个地方怎么指代，求指点！

wangshibo2010

先看一个很老的句子：(我就直接把正确的打出来了)Construction of the Roman Colosseum, which was officially known as the Flavian Amphitheather, began in A.D.69, during the reign of Vespasian, and was completed a decade later, during the reign of Titus...
以前看which的指代归类的时候，说which要跳跃修饰指代中心词，这句话的中心词应该是construction吧，但是按照意思理解的话这里的which应该是就近修饰了Roman Colosseum啊！
再来一个：
A technique originally developed for detecting air pollutants, called proton-included X-ray emission, which...
这句话抛开别的错误不说，OG解释中说这个which错误地修饰了emission, 因为emission 离它最近。但是这句话的中心词应该是technique吧，后面的成分都是修饰他的，那么按照OG的说法这里的which就不能跳过修饰来修饰中心词了呗？
附属一个问题: 如果把第一个which隐刀的句子改成Construction of the Roman Colosseum, officially known as...  那这个过去分词应该是就近修饰Roman Colosseum呢还是修饰中心词Construction呢？
问题有点儿多，麻烦大家了，小弟先谢过。。。

wangshibo2010

自己顶一个

jeffery2541

之前看过bat的一个帖子 附件有个讲which指代的 可我找不到原帖了 只好把其中我感觉有用的复制过来了 楼主看看吧 应该就清楚啦~


1、 紧邻修饰
一般情况下，“名词，which”中的which是就近修饰紧邻的名词的。这种例子多的不胜枚举。
一般例子就不用举了，只举个比较特别例子“A of B, which”（注：这里的of表示从属关系）
1，The commission proposed that funding for development of the park, which could be open to the public early next year, be obtained through a local bond issue.
2,Construction of the Roman Colosseum, which was officially known as the Flavian Amphitheater, began in A.D.69, during the reign of Vespasian, and was completed the Colosseum with a one-hundred-day cycle of religious pageants, gladitorial games, and spectacles.
Flavian Amphitheatre： 福雷维安圆形剧场
3，In laboratory rats, a low dose of aspirin usually suffices to block production of thromboxane, a substance that promotes blood clotting, but does not seriously interfere with the production of prostacyclin, which prevents clotting.
thromboxane [生化]凝血噁烷，凝栓质，血栓素。阿斯匹林可以阻止血小板生成凝血恶烷
prostacyclin n.【生物化学、药物】环前列腺素，前列腺环素,
4，The survival of coral colonies, which are composed of innumerable tiny polyps living in a symbiotic relationship with brilliantly colored algae, is being threatened, experts say, not only by pollutants such as agricultural runoff, oil slicks, and trash, but also by dropped anchors, probing divers, and global warming.,
5，In attempting to solve the problems caused by a lowering of the price of oil, oil companies operating in the North Sea have taken a variety of approaches, which include reducing employment, using new technology to pump oil more efficiently from smaller fields, and finding innovative ways to cut the cost of building and operating platforms.,
这些例子都能说明从属关系“A of B，which”中的which就近修饰紧邻的名词B。但是需要注意的是，在“SVO,which”句型中，如果which指代S一定错误，which如果指代主语，这样使用:s+verb,which
2、 跳跃修饰
在前有“核心词+介词、分词等修饰结构”或者插入语的情况下，which跳跃修饰前面的核心词，不能修饰紧邻的名词。
下面是几个例子：
From the bark of the paper birch tree the Menomini crafted a canoe about twenty feet long and two feet wide, with small ribs and rails of cedar, which could carry four persons or eight hundred pounds of baggage so light that a person could easily portage it around impeding rapids.
(A)    baggage so light
(B) baggage being so light
(C) baggage, yet being so light
(D) baggage, and so light
(E) baggage yet was so light
答案：E
这句话的which离其所应该修饰的核心词canoe很远，中间隔了一个插入语，还隔了个介词结构about…，但只要知道核心词是canoe就能一目了然找到which应该指的是什么。这里不能修饰紧邻的名词cedar。
OG12-26
Emily Dickinson’s letters to Susan Huntington Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering her letters to anyone else.
A,Dickinson were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumbering
B,Dickinson were written over a period that begins a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ended shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber
C,Dickinson, written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and that ends shortly before Emily’s death in 1886and outnumbering
D,Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother, ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, and outnumbering
E,Dickinson, which were written over a period beginning a few years before Susan’s marriage to Emily’s brother and ending shortly before Emily’s death in 1886, outnumber
这句话的which不能修饰其紧邻的名词Susan Huntington Dickinson，必须跳过介词结构to…，修饰核心词letter。

wangshibo2010

好像有的地方是我记错了，谢谢啦！

jeffery2541

不客气~~~~