求教OG6，9，10

开心大梦

6.     In virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism’s trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical that is irritating it.

(A) trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical that is irritating it

(B) trying that it metabolize, or render harmless, the. chemical irritant

(C) attempt to try to metabolize, or render harmless, such a chemical irritant

(D) attempt to try and metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritating it（E）

(E) attempt to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant

题目本身很简单，但是结构我一直没搞清楚。请教一个比较幼稚的问题(E) attempt to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant中，

render 该是和METABOLIZE并列的吧，但render harmless是什么意思呢 (harmless是形容词，和RENDER是什么结构)，逗号后面的the chemical irritant是什么成分，和前面是什么关系。

9.       Astronomers at the Palomar Observatory have discovered a distant supernova explosion, one that they believe is a type previously unknown to science.

(A) that they believe is

(B) that they believe it to be

(C) they believe that it is of

(D) they believe that is（E）

(E) they believe to be of

OG上说：since the pronoun one is sufficient to introduce the modifier and the sentence is more fluid without that.

我想问一下这里的语法结构。

1，  是否ONE作为同位语出现，后面做为定语从句修饰ONE，而ONE在其中做间接宾语的成分。

2，  不要THAT的原因是否是因为ONE本身是不定代词，不需要再用关系代词了。ETS也没说不对，而是说fluid without that。另外是否其他的不定代词也有类似情况呢？比如BOTH，ALL之类的。

10.   However much United States voters may agree that there is waste in government and that the government as a whole spends beyond its means, it is difficult to find broad support for a movement toward a minimal state.

(A) However much United States voters may agree that

(B) Despite the agreement among United States voters to the fact

(C) Although United States voters agree

(D) Even though United States voters may agree（A）

(E) There is agreement among United States voters that

大全注释上说，however + much + subject + verb is a fixed phrase, and much modifies the verb.

请教这个结构是什么意思。因为没看懂用排除法做完后感觉怪怪的。

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-9-4 9:39:26编辑过]

epithumia

第6.题就让我献丑一下吧.

(E) attempt to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical irritant.

其实这是老美最爱用的由＂轻到重＂的写作方式,OG另有不少例子,一时想不起来,就不误导人了.所谓＂由轻到重＂就是受词补语(O.C.)较受词(O.)短时,老美会将受词补语移到受词前,让句子结构呈现头轻脚重的形式,这种写作方式很常见.只是外国学生不大习惯,总觉念起来不是很顺.

所以本答案原句为: attempt to metabolize, or render the chemical irritant harmless

render为＂使得＂的意思(后接受词+受词补语 )

chemical irritant->指dioxin(受词, O.)

harmless->受词补语(O.C.)

通常将O.C.移位时,受词前是不会加逗号的(因为老美懒惰),

但正式的话加逗号区隔会让读者看得比较清楚.

所以原句就是＂使得dioxin变得没有伤害性

开心大梦

哪位老大给点建议啊！

agk99

以下是引用开心大梦在2004-9-4 9:36:00的发言：

6.     In virtually all types of tissue in every animal species, dioxin induces the production of enzymes that are the organism’s trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the chemical that is irritating it.

第6題我說不好，看哪位NN補充一下吧

9.       Astronomers at the Palomar Observatory have discovered a distant supernova explosion, one that they believe is a type previously unknown to science.

(E) they believe to be of

OG上说：since the pronoun one is sufficient to introduce the modifier and the sentence is more fluid without that.

我想问一下这里的语法结构。

1，  是否ONE作为同位语出现，后面做为定语从句修饰ONE，而ONE在其中做间接宾语的成分。

沒錯

2，  不要THAT的原因是否是因为ONE本身是不定代词，不需要再用关系代词了。ETS也没说不对，而是说fluid without that。另外是否其他的不定代词也有类似情况呢？比如BOTH，ALL之类的。

沒錯，that 和 one都是代詞，所以ABC不選, 至於both及all得看實際例子，不太能一概而論

10.   However much United States voters may agree that there is waste in government and that the government as a whole spends beyond its means, it is difficult to find broad support for a movement toward a minimal state.

(A) However much United States voters may agree that

大全注释上说，however + much + subject + verb is a fixed phrase, and much modifies the verb.

请教这个结构是什么意思。因为没看懂用排除法做完后感觉怪怪的。

我的看法則是，注釋是說這個用法很普遍，你可以放心使用，但至於much與verb的關係，我想，在主謂一致的基本要求下，這是最基本的英語規則

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-9-6 3:27:52编辑过]

开心大梦

谢谢大大！！！

smallkiddy

10. however much= no matter how much, 所以much是和how连用修饰动词，而不是修饰people，这个解释对不对？

6。同问，谁来解释一下，不懂

开心大梦

epithumia ：非常感谢你的解释，特别是你把一个现象说得这么清楚！很感谢你！

smallkiddy

太感谢了

Fabulous

感谢感谢

tempture

thx。我到现在才看到这个点~