ChaseDream
搜索
返回列表 发新帖
楼主: 泾渭不凡
打印 上一主题 下一主题

饭饭求一个句子分析~~O(∩_∩)O~

[复制链接]
11#
 楼主| 发表于 2012-1-30 22:53:18 | 只看该作者
留名
-- by 会员 michaelmay17 (2012/1/30 22:52:10)


噗嗤.....................好吧~~..............很有纪念意义滴一贴...........................
12#
发表于 2012-1-30 22:56:32 | 只看该作者
留名
-- by 会员 michaelmay17 (2012/1/30 22:52:10)



13#
 楼主| 发表于 2012-1-30 22:58:16 | 只看该作者
留名
-- by 会员 michaelmay17 (2012/1/30 22:52:10)




-- by 会员 12604698 (2012/1/30 22:56:32)


~~~还真来啊?~~~~~~这么久饭饭就这么一个楼你也要水............................
JJ区神贴...............................................饭饭粥着~~~~~~~~~~
may你别怕,NN前辈他开玩笑滴................怪饭饭了..............................
14#
发表于 2012-1-31 02:55:53 | 只看该作者
同学,这第二句话(被动语态那句)是对的哦,你咋通篇都说它错.....
grant sb. sth.
grant sth. to sb.
grant that ....
以上是grant的固定搭配

改动之前的句子的歧义在于:
The council granted the right to make legal petition to city official.
这句话,尽管用了两个to,但是第一个to没有歧义,必然是" the right to do sth."作为不定式的to,不可能是"grant sth. to make petition"
真正的歧义在于第二个to:
grant sth. to sb.
the petition to sb.
以上都是固定搭配,可是你如果揉在一起:
grant [ ____... the petition] to sb.
那么你这个"to sb."到底是搭配grant还是搭配petition?
改动后的两个句子恰恰能消除这个歧义
The council granted city officials the right to make legal petitions.
如果是这个意思,那么前面那个红色的to就是搭配grant使用的,grant sth. to sb结构。
The right to make legal petitions to city officials was granted by the council.
如果是这个意思,那么前面那个红色的to就是搭配petition使用的, petition to sb. 结构。

"1. 有违主动的原则,能够用主动的竟然用了被动。"
什么时候主动成为原则了?所谓的GMAT的那些规律,只要不是absolute语法规则,那么都是不完全归纳法。这个例子,如果作者想表达"petition to city official"的意思,那么用原来的主动句就是有歧义(见上),改成被动就没有歧义。GMAT里面effectiveness是排在concision前面的。

“2.我记得idiom是grant sb sth吧,现在变成了sth is granted by sb了”
是这样的,A,B是两个人
你说的固定搭配是A grants B sth.   这没错
那么转化为被动:
sth. is granted by A. 这句话没有问题
回到我们这句话,假如作者想要表达的意思是A=concil, B是someone(没明确说)
A grant B [the right to make petitions to city officials]
那么就表达成:
[The right to make legal petitions to city officials] was granted by the council.
你看,咱这个例子,在A grants B sth. 没法表达清楚意思(因为B不明)的情况下,换成被动语态,回避这个没有提到的B,恰恰能够完美表达出意思。

“3. 那个the right to do sth to sb在我看来是awkward的结构,因为有违结构的repetition的结构,我们学习句子喜欢用to xx toxxx,但是从SC遇到的很多题目发现他们都尽量避免出现这种to等的repetition. ”
你说后面引用的Ron的贴子,我之前都看过,举的例子我也都看过。都没问题。
但同样,这也是一个rule,但不是absolute,是rule就有局限性。
GMAT在有些时候,会因为去避免x that y that z这样的结构,而做些搭配上的改动,但前提是不影响effectiveness。
所以,你举的例子都没错,但是不能证明“GMAT就不准许.....”,又更多的正确句子连用that套that,for套for。这些为什么允许?就是因为没有歧义,因为effectiveness的要求!
随便举个OG 12的例子吧:
According to some analysts, the gains in the stock market reflect growing confidence that the economy will avoid the recession that many had feared earlier in the year and instead come in for a "soft landing", followed by a gradual increase in business activity.
这两个that一个套一个,但是都丝毫没问题,第一个that指代confidence,第二个that指代recession。如果你为了避免x that y that z的结构,来改动,反而容易出问题。
简单点的例子,这句话: We were lucky to find a place to park.
两个to有问题么?没有。
那回到这里:The right to make legal petitions to city officials
两个to有问题么?没有。
原句也是有两个to:
The council granted the right to make legal petition to city official.
前面分析了,第一个to没问题,第二个to有问题,所以我们才去改。

饭饭mm,我这样回答了你的问题了吧?



一看到第二句结构就是错的,直接排掉
1. 有违主动的原则,能够用主动的竟然用了被动。不是说被动不可以,但是被动的表达通常是在不知行为操作的agent是谁的情况使用,比如the law was regulated to do sth;
如果知道的话,比如这道题目是the council,就应该用主动而不是被动

2.我记得idiom是grant sb sth吧,现在变成了sth is granted by sb了

3. 那个the right to do sth to sb在我看来是awkward的结构,因为有违结构的repetition的结构,我们学习句子喜欢用to xx toxxx,但是从SC遇到的很多题目发现他们都尽量避免出现这种to等的repetition.

摘一句曼哈顿的director就是参与编写我们那本曼哈顿SC书的RON的一句话:gmac does seem to make a fairly concerted effort to avoid repetitions such as “x that y that z”, “x to y to z”, etc.

所以会把遇到的结构:evidence that suggests that…,改成:evidence to suggest that…

还有一道的正确答案是:minority graduates are nearly four times as likely as other graduates to plan on practicing,本来应该是plan to do sth的,但是就因为前面是four times as likely as .... to do sth,已经有个to do了,所以避免后面再出现个plan to do 的repetition,所以正确答案出现的是plan on.

我记得还有一道In no other historical sighting did Halley's comet cause such a worldwide sensation as in its return of 1910–1911

正常我们都应该是in 1910用介词in,但是就因为前面的比较点一定要出现in的in its return,所以后面吧in改成了of。这就是老美的written english的表达方法

当然也有出现过exception,我也遇到过,但是基本都是这个理。所以这道题有更好的一个选项,比如第一句,第二句就直接排了吧
-- by 会员 清飞扬 (2012/1/30 15:54:28)





15#
发表于 2012-1-31 03:18:26 | 只看该作者
饭饭啊,我不同意他的整个分析.....你看看吧,也欢迎大家都来讨论
他的意思是说,第二个句子整个就是错的。
我的意思是说,同Manhattan书上所讲,原句是错的,改动过后的两个句子(包括你有疑问的第二个句子)是正确的。

关于清飞扬同学提到的Ron讲的Repetition的问题,我原来也发现过,当时还跟suri dd讨论来着
http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-578062-1-1.html
第9楼

不过现在这么辩论,我又有新的理解
"a scale of xxx structures of yyy rooms"
之所以不对,不仅仅是awkward,还有:
a scale of (.... structures) of ()
请问蓝色的of()到底修饰"scale"还是"structure"?有歧义吧

同样的,
.... as in its return in 1910-1911
请问蓝色的in 1910-1911到底是跟红色部分并列?还是修饰红色部分中间的return?有歧义吧

以上两个例子的总结:(读者的第一感觉) 蓝色的其实是可以接着前面,理解为和红色部分并列
以上两个例子都是很典型的两个prep phrase串联,而prep phrase有的时候修饰限制的对象并不确定。

那我们来看正确句子:
The right to make legal petitions to city officials
这两个to,分别的搭配是:
the right to do sth.
petition to sb.
假如你理解为"the right to sb."显然不合理
于是,这里两个to连用,但是并没有歧义。

OG12正确句子(我凭印象随便抓了一个,肯定还有好多):
According to some analysts, the gains in the stock market reflect growing confidence that the economy will avoid the recession that many had feared earlier in the year and instead come in for a "soft landing",followed by a

O(∩_∩)O~谢谢清飞扬!清飞扬语法学得好透彻啊,饭饭这段就是从manhattanSC中摘录出来的,真心觉得第二句没有解决原句的问题,反而使其变成被动,以为是有什么特殊用法~~~
清飞扬的这次解析饭饭真心受教好多啊~~!谢谢!!这个repetition,饭饭以前真心没有研究啊~!谢谢!!!
-- by 会员 泾渭不凡 (2012/1/30 19:49:04)


16#
发表于 2012-1-31 03:43:28 | 只看该作者
我觉得这个正解

The council granted the right to make legal petition to city official.

What does the phrase "to city official" mean? Did the city officials receive the right to make legal petitions? Or did someone else receive the right to make petitions to the officials? Eithe way, the correct sentence should resolve the ambiguity:

歧义1:council  保证city official 做出合法申诉的权力
The council granted city officials the right to make legal petitions.   ;;;;
歧义2:council保证(someone)对city offcials 合法申诉的权力
The right to make legal petitions to city officials was granted by the council.

right 和 petieon后面都能接to sb
由于to sb可以跳跃修饰, to city official 究竟接谁不清楚了。

原句只想说明这个意思。。。。
-- by 会员 12604698 (2012/1/30 17:00:31)

17#
 楼主| 发表于 2012-1-31 03:52:15 | 只看该作者
我觉得这个正解

The council granted the right to make legal petition to city official.

What does the phrase "to city official" mean? Did the city officials receive the right to make legal petitions? Or did someone else receive the right to make petitions to the officials? Eithe way, the correct sentence should resolve the ambiguity:

歧义1:council  保证city official 做出合法申诉的权力
The council granted city officials the right to make legal petitions.   ;;;;
歧义2:council保证(someone)对city offcials 合法申诉的权力
The right to make legal petitions to city officials was granted by the council.

right 和 petieon后面都能接to sb
由于to sb可以跳跃修饰, to city official 究竟接谁不清楚了。

原句只想说明这个意思。。。。
-- by 会员 12604698 (2012/1/30 17:00:31)


-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/1/31 3:43:28)


baby姐姐来啦~~~~~~~~~O(∩_∩)O哈哈~~~~~~~~~~饭饭语法真心弱啊~~~~
谢谢baby姐姐!~~~~!!!
18#
发表于 2012-1-31 03:53:18 | 只看该作者
我觉得你说的“所有句子都会有歧义”还有后面举的两个例子有点钻牛角尖了.....当然,你的结论我赞同。

我来贴Ron的原话吧,尽管说的是pronoun,但其它歧义问题同理。(见下)
总之歧义与否,还是要从意思上出发。

“例如:i don't like the weather in Hongkong. 这句话有我和香港的气候不相像的歧义”
这话没歧义。如果按like=相像理解,那么like应该作为prep,而不是作为verb:
I am not like ....
另外,按照common sense,“我和香港的气候不相像”也non-sense.

GMAT歧义问题,就是
对于一个 [有common sense的、逻辑思维严密的、语法规则清楚的] reader 来说
是否具有歧义

the rules on ambiguous pronouns are NOTabsolute.

there are only two ABSOLUTE RULES for pronouns:
(1) the pronoun must stand for a noun that is actually PRESENT in the sentence;
(2) the pronoun and the noun must MATCH IN TERMS OF SINGULAR/PLURAL.


the other "rules", such as those that govern ambiguity of pronouns,are more like "guidelines" or "suggestions".
therefore, you should leave those criteria for last - i.e., until afteryou've narrowed down the choices based on all other criteria that you can find.


asnoted a few other times on this forum - most noticeably in the GMATPrep verbalfolder, but in a couple places in the other verbal folders - pronounambiguity is not an absolute rule. in other words, the test will clearlytolerate a certain degree of pronoun ambiguity.

in general, we've found:
the gmat will tolerate pronoun ambiguity when both of the following aresatisfied:
1. the intended referent makes much more sense than do the other possiblereferents,
and
2. the intended referent is PARALLEL TO THE PRONOUN, and the other possiblereferents are NOT parallel to the pronoun.





清飞扬同学分析的很好
另外说一些题外话...饭饭要在做SC时注意一点:所有句子都会有歧义
例如:i don't like the weather in Hongkong. 这句话有我和香港的气候不相像的歧义
再例如:tell my father i am very busy right now. 这句话有我是现在是‘very busy ’(或者我现在的名字叫very busy)的歧义
(你可以尝试用这种方式去看一些SC的正确句子)
我想说的是SC中所有的的句子都会有歧义,包括正确的选项,所以你在做题的过程中要留意歧义‘歧’得最离谱的,这样才不会去钻牛角尖
同样在代词指代,分词修饰中很多正确的选项都会有些不合适的地方,过多的关注这些不合适同样会钻牛角尖
一定要注意,SC选的是错的最少的
-- by 会员 justabeginning (2012/1/30 17:00:52)


19#
 楼主| 发表于 2012-1-31 03:55:16 | 只看该作者
同学,这第二句话(被动语态那句)是对的哦,你咋通篇都说它错.....
grant sb. sth.
grant sth. to sb.
grant that ....
以上是grant的固定搭配

改动之前的句子的歧义在于:
The council granted the rightto make legal petition to city official.
这句话,尽管用了两个to,但是第一个to没有歧义,必然是" the right to do sth."作为不定式的to,不可能是"grant sth. to make petition"
真正的歧义在于第二个to:
grant sth. to sb.
the petition to sb.
以上都是固定搭配,可是你如果揉在一起:
grant [ ____... the petition] to sb.
那么你这个"to sb."到底是搭配grant还是搭配petition?
改动后的两个句子恰恰能消除这个歧义
The council granted city officials the right to make legal petitions.
如果是这个意思,那么前面那个红色的to就是搭配grant使用的,grant sth. to sb结构。
The right to make legal petitions to city officials was granted by the council.
如果是这个意思,那么前面那个红色的to就是搭配petition使用的, petition to sb. 结构。

"1. 有违主动的原则,能够用主动的竟然用了被动。"
什么时候主动成为原则了?所谓的GMAT的那些规律,只要不是absolute语法规则,那么都是不完全归纳法。这个例子,如果作者想表达"petition to city official"的意思,那么用原来的主动句就是有歧义(见上),改成被动就没有歧义。GMAT里面effectiveness是排在concision前面的。

“2.我记得idiom是grant sb sth吧,现在变成了sth is granted by sb了”
是这样的,A,B是两个人
你说的固定搭配是A grants B sth.   这没错
那么转化为被动:
sth. is granted by A. 这句话没有问题
回到我们这句话,假如作者想要表达的意思是A=concil, B是someone(没明确说)
A grant B [the right to make petitions to city officials]
那么就表达成:
[The right to make legal petitions to city officials] was granted by the council.
你看,咱这个例子,在A grants B sth. 没法表达清楚意思(因为B不明)的情况下,换成被动语态,回避这个没有提到的B,恰恰能够完美表达出意思。

“3. 那个the right to do sth to sb在我看来是awkward的结构,因为有违结构的repetition的结构,我们学习句子喜欢用to xx toxxx,但是从SC遇到的很多题目发现他们都尽量避免出现这种to等的repetition. ”
你说后面引用的Ron的贴子,我之前都看过,举的例子我也都看过。都没问题。
但同样,这也是一个rule,但不是absolute,是rule就有局限性。
GMAT在有些时候,会因为去避免x that y that z这样的结构,而做些搭配上的改动,但前提是不影响effectiveness。
所以,你举的例子都没错,但是不能证明“GMAT就不准许.....”,又更多的正确句子连用that套that,for套for。这些为什么允许?就是因为没有歧义,因为effectiveness的要求!
随便举个OG 12的例子吧:
According to some analysts, the gains in the stock market reflect growing confidence that the economy will avoid the recession that many had feared earlier in the year and instead come in for a "soft landing", followed by a gradual increase in business activity.
这两个that一个套一个,但是都丝毫没问题,第一个that指代confidence,第二个that指代recession。如果你为了避免x that y that z的结构,来改动,反而容易出问题。
简单点的例子,这句话: We were lucky to find a place to park.
两个to有问题么?没有。
那回到这里:The right to make legal petitions to city officials
两个to有问题么?没有。
原句也是有两个to:
The council granted the rightto make legal petition to city official.
前面分析了,第一个to没问题,第二个to有问题,所以我们才去改。

饭饭mm,我这样回答了你的问题了吧?

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/1/31 2:55:53)



嗯嗯嗯嗯嗯!饭饭懂得啦!~~~~~~~~~~~~baby姐姐这个回答太感人了~~~~~~~好认真~~~~~~~~~~baby姐姐人真好哇~~~~~可以直接录入笔记中了哇~~!!
谢谢baby姐~~~~!!
20#
发表于 2012-1-31 04:04:54 | 只看该作者
饭饭你不是1月考么?不是考过了么?难道我记错鸟?
您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 立即注册

Mark一下! 看一下! 顶楼主! 感谢分享! 快速回复:

手机版|ChaseDream|GMT+8, 2025-6-3 12:39
京公网安备11010202008513号 京ICP证101109号 京ICP备12012021号

ChaseDream 论坛

© 2003-2025 ChaseDream.com. All Rights Reserved.

返回顶部