求指点——判断句首分词结构的逻辑主语 PREP07 - 9

peach001

如题，请教各位高手，关于句首分词结构的逻辑主语，怎样判断句子的主语是否正确呢？是看句子的主语能否执行句首的分词行为？还是怎样判断呢？

PREP07有这样一题：
Based on records from ancient Athens, each year young Athenian women collaborated to weave a new woolen robe that they used to dress a statue of the goddess Athena and that this robe depicted scenes of a battle between Zeus, Athena's father, and giants.

划线部分是：Based on ……dress

(A) Based on records from ancient Athens, each year young Athenian women collaborated to weave a new woolen robe that they used to dress
(B) Based on records from ancient Athens, each year young Athenian women had collaborated to weave a new woolen robe with which to dress
(C) According to records from ancient Athens, each year young Athenian women collaborated to weave a new woolen robe that they used to dress
(D) Records from ancient Athens indicate that each year young Athenian women collaborated to weave a new woolen robe with which they dressed
(E) Records from ancient Athens indicate each year young Athenian women had collaborated to weave a new woolen robe for dressing

答案是：D

如果按照“句子主语是否能执行句首分词动作”来判断，women不可能based on，应该是Basing on，这个能理解。那为什么"C"不对呢？
之前CD的高手们制作的PREP详解中解释说“句子的主语做分词结构的逻辑主语不符合逻辑”，请问是怎么不符合逻辑呢？

michaelmay17

同问帮顶~

peach001

为什么木有人帮忙解答这个问题呢……真是困扰了偶好久了啊……

hounaiwu

关于这道题目，我想表达三点：
（1）关于逻辑主语的问题，LZ已经基本了解逻辑主语这个问题了，所以这道题其实并没有涉及到这一点了。不管是 basing 还是 based 都不可以，因为这句话前面的Based on records from ancient Athens 动作不是 后面的women 发出的，很明显是作者发出的动作，写这句话的作者是在描述record里面的women，而不是women根据record 而发出这一系列的动作的。必须把前面的这个分词改成 介词 according to 或者像D一样变成另外的形式，总之避开这种分词逻辑主语的问题。
（2）C选项定语从句的表达 that they used to dress 不如D选项 with which they dress 简洁，我觉得有具体介词的出现会更具体更informative。
（3）LZ最应该注意的问题不是这些逻辑主语的问题，而是更重要的平行的问题！！！！！这道题为什么不选择C 是因为C选项不平行。 请注意在这句话中是谁和谁在平行，如果lZ误认为是 前面的that they used to dress和 and 后面的that this robe depicted scenes of a battle between Zeus, Athena's father, and giants. 这两个that 从句平行那就大错特错了，因为注意前面that是定语从句，后面的那个that肯定不是定语从句了，因为后面that从句中是完整一句话，不缺成分，所以应该是同位语从句或者宾语从句凳。
如果你再看一下D选项很明显你就知道哪里平行了。
Records from ancient Athens indicate that each year young Athenian women collaborated to weave a new woolen robe with which they dressed  a statue of the goddess Athenaand that this robe depicted scenes of a battle between Zeus, Athena's father, and giants.

这是两个that宾语从句在平行所以D是正确答案。

teddybearj4

hounaiwu总结的真的很赞！！！特别是第三点，我一直就弄不清楚正确答案的句子结构到底是怎样的！很感谢！

关于第二点，就是是C到底是哪里错了我还有点补充！
Ron的解释是：Both OPENERS are fine ('According to...' and '...indicate that...'), so that split is a red herring. The problem with C, though, is the last part of the answer choice: 'that they used to dress.' All this means FOR SURE is that the robe was just a tool that the women used in the process of dressing the statue(maybe they used it to zip up the back of the statue's dress...??). Choice D, on the other hand, correctly conveys the idea that the women actually put the dress ON the statue.

that they used to dress  VS  with which they dress ？
我一开始还不是很理解Ron的话，其实Ron的解释是robe是use的宾语，实际上是they used the robe to dress，robe是长袍怎么能像tools一样用来做工具呢？

不知道有没童鞋跟我一样这样错误的理解，认为这个robe是dress的宾语，正过来看就是they used to dress the robe，把used to理解成“习惯于”不也很正常吗？语意也说的通呀！
我们再对比一下D的with which they dress，正过来就是they dress with the robe. 那dress到底是vi.还是vt.？
longman上面的解释是：
dress作vt的时候后面只能是sb.，如dress sb. in sth. 或者是dress oneself
dress如果表示是wear clothes的时候，是vi.词性，后面一定要加with、in等prep.。

所以C后面只能理解成“他们用长袍来穿”，而不能理解成“他们习惯于穿长袍”~ 所以C的语意不对，是错误选项。

关于这道题目，我想表达三点：
（1）关于逻辑主语的问题，LZ已经基本了解逻辑主语这个问题了，所以这道题其实并没有涉及到这一点了。不管是 basing 还是 based 都不可以，因为这句话前面的Based on records from ancient Athens 动作不是 后面的women 发出的，很明显是作者发出的动作，写这句话的作者是在描述record里面的women，而不是women根据record 而发出这一系列的动作的。必须把前面的这个分词改成 介词 according to 或者像D一样变成另外的形式，总之避开这种分词逻辑主语的问题。
（2）C选项定语从句的表达 that they used to dress 不如D选项 with which they dress 简洁，我觉得有具体介词的出现会更具体更informative。
（3）LZ最应该注意的问题不是这些逻辑主语的问题，而是更重要的平行的问题！！！！！这道题为什么不选择C 是因为C选项不平行。 请注意在这句话中是谁和谁在平行，如果lZ误认为是 前面的that they used to dress和 and 后面的that this robe depicted scenes of a battle between Zeus, Athena's father, and giants. 这两个that 从句平行那就大错特错了，因为注意前面that是定语从句，后面的那个that肯定不是定语从句了，因为后面that从句中是完整一句话，不缺成分，所以应该是同位语从句或者宾语从句凳。
如果你再看一下D选项很明显你就知道哪里平行了。
Records from ancient Athens indicate that each year young Athenian women collaborated to weave a new woolen robe with which they dressed  a statue of the goddess Athenaand that this robe depicted scenes of a battle between Zeus, Athena's father, and giants.

这是两个that宾语从句在平行所以D是正确答案。

-- by 会员 hounaiwu (2011/12/29 11:01:33)