OG12SC讨论第一期：1－3

my8822180

其实发到cd上来主要是为了监督自己，而且讨论起来也可以开拓思路，热烈欢迎大家参与讨论哈～
1. The Glass House Mountains in Queensland, Australia, were sighted in 1770 by the English navigator Captain James Cook, by whom they were named supposedly because its sheer wet rocks glistened like glass.
(A) by whom they were named supposedly because its
(B) by whom they were named supposedly and their
(C) naming them supposedly since their
(D) who so named them supposedly because their
(E) who so named it since supposedly their
考点：
Agreement; Rhetorical construction
考点解释：
To avoid a wordy and confusing series of passive clauses, the relative clause explaining what James Cook did should be an active-voice construction (who so named rather than by whom they were named). Th e possessive pronoun referring to the Glass House Mountains should be plural (their rather than its), to agree with the plural antecedent.
选项说明：
A By whom they were supposedly named is a passive construction that is unnecessarily indirect and wordy, especially immediately following another passive construction; the singular its does not agree with the plural antecedent the Glass House Mountains.
B This version of the sentence loses the causal connection, failing to explain why James Cook gave the mountains their particular name.
C As the object of a preposition and not the subject of the clause, James Cook does not work as the noun that the verbal phrase beginning with naming can describe; the preposition since loses  the important causal logic of the sentence.
D Correct. Th is concise sentence uses active voice construction in the relative clause and maintains agreement between
E The pronoun it  does not agree with the plural Mountains  and the following pronoun their .
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2. Although a surge in retail sales have raised hopes that there is a recovery finally under way, many economists say that without a large amount of spending the recovery might not last.
(A) have raised hopes that there is a recovery finally
(B) raised hopes for there being a recovery finally
(C) had raised hopes for a recovery finally being
(D) has raised hopes that a recovery is finally
(E) raised hopes for a recovery finally
考点：
Agreement; Rhetorical construction
考点解释：
The subject of the first clause, the singular noun surge, must take the singular verb has raised rather than the plural have raised. It is superfluous and pointless to say that people hope both that there is a recovery and that such a recovery is underway. In this context, there is adds nothing and can be omitted to create a more concise sentence.
选项说明：
A Subject and verb do not agree; there is … finally underway is awkward and wordy.
B For there being is awkward and wordy.
C Had raised is the wrong verb tense; for … being is awkward and wordy.
D Correct. In this sentence, the subject and verb agree, and the verb is in the appropriate tense; a recovery is finally is clear and concise.
E For a recovery finally is awkward and—to the extent that it can be seen as grammatical—does not make sense.
The correct answer is D.
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3. Although various eighteenth- and nineteenth-century American poets had professed an interest in Native American poetry and had pretended to imitate Native American forms in their own works, until almost 1900, scholars and critics did not begin seriously to study traditional Native American poetry in native languages.
(A) until almost 1900, scholars and critics did not begin seriously to study
(B) until almost 1900 scholars and critics had not begun seriously studying
(C) not until almost 1900 were scholars and critics to begin seriously to study
(D) it was not almost until 1900 when scholars and critics began to seriously study
(E) it was not until almost 1900 that scholars and critics seriously began studying
考点：
Verb form; Rhetorical construction
考点解释：
The past-perfect verbs had professed and had pretended designate a time (eighteenth and nineteenth century) earlier than simple past tense, so the second clause, explaining what happened around 1900, must use the past tense. The placement of the phrase until almost 1900 at the beginning of the second clause is confusing. Does it refer back to the first verb or forward to the next verb?
选项说明：
A The tenses are fi ne in this version, but the placement of until almost 1900 is problematic.
B The tense of the second clause needs to be simple past, not past perfect.
C Th e sequence of infinitives (to begin seriously to study) is awkward and wordy.
D Not almost until is a nonsensical sequence of modifiers.
E Correct. Th e phrase not until almost 1900 is properly placed, and the verb in the main clause is in the simple past tense.
The correct answer is E.

my8822180

楼主自己先说几个问题吧：
第一题的：
1、c选项里把since说成是preposition，不是很理解，since当“因为，既然”讲的时候是连词词性，since做介词的时候只有“自从”的意思啊，介个解释是虾米意思捏？
2、一个童鞋在帖子里提出过的问题：第一题的C选项里说As the object of a preposition and not the subject of the clause, James Cook does not work as the noun that the verbal phrase beginning with naming can describe，但是第20题
20.Neuroscientists, having amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood, are now drawing solid conclusions about how the human brain grows and how babies acquire language.
(D) Neuroscientists have amassed a wealth of knowledge over the past twenty years about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood,
(E) Neuroscientists have amassed, over the past twenty years, a wealth of knowledge about the brain and its development from birth to adulthood
DE选项drawing又会引起修饰adulthood的歧义，为什么naming不能作定语修饰James Cook而drawing却会引起是作定语的模糊修饰？不懂。
3、好几位同学问第一题里的who so named them 怎么理解，楼主理解为“如此给他们命名的人”，求证下对不对。

my8822180

刚才提出的第二个问题想通了，不知道对不对，供各位讨论：情况是这样的，第一个句子里， naming放在那，应该是修饰主句主语的，但是从语义上来说，只能就近，可是就近又不行，所以不对了。第二个句子，  drawing 放在那，语义上修饰主句主语和就近修饰都可以，如果修饰主句主语的话没问题，就近修饰就不对了，所以不对

Suri在奋斗

楼主我不懂第二题最后一个选项，og说awkward and does not make sense，我看不出来是这么个错误法呀