求教：the + doing 和doing 的区别

biabia123

The health benefits of tea have been the subject of much research; in addition to its possibilities for preventing and inhibiting some forms of cancer, the brewed leaves of Camellia sinensis may also play a role in reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke.

A. in addition to its possibilities for preventing and inhibiting

B. in addition to its possibilities to prevent or inhibit

C. besides the possibility that it prevents and inhibits

D. besides the possible preventing and inhibiting of

E. besides possibly preventing or inhibiting
D中的doing应该是表达动名词的含义，E中用possibly修饰，那应该动词现在分词吧？介词的后面可以加现在分词么？

michaelmay17

介词后面可以加现在分词啊

alancui

I haven't seen this problem before. Is it from OG or other materials?


IMO:


Both the simple gerund and the complex gerund can be used in prepositional phrases.

The difference between the simple gerund and the complex one is well explained in Manhattan SC.


BTW, "preventing" is not a present participle, which can be used as a modifier. It's a simple gerund that can be modified by an adverb, namely "possibly".

yaohoo9

我的思路：

因句意，应是除了预防癌什么的，brewed leaves还有什么功能

AB不对，杀
留CDE。但划线外部分告诉我also play a role in reducing，我觉得为了更并列杀C，留DE

DE的最大区别在于 possible/possibly，preventing是表动作的，故用副词更好。选E。 不知答案对否

babybearmm

首先，前面有网友说complex gerund和simple gerund的问题，我re。同样建议看Manhattan相关章节。现在假设lz明白这点，我们来分析题目（这道题我觉得D/E选项的区分需要真正理解句意）。

D. Besides the possible doing of sth., S may also do sth
E. Besides possibly doing sth., S may also do sth

D/E中，possible/possibly的用法都分别没有问题，D中possible修饰noun（确切说来这算action noun），没问题。
好了，句子结构如此提炼，发现D/E都可以。那么说明我这个提炼太condensed （都提炼成do sth，但必须考虑do sth的具体内容来解题），于是我们必须回到原句的意思和逻辑上面去：

The health benefits of tea have been the subject of much research; in addition to its possibilities for preventing and inhibiting some forms of cancer, the brewed leaves of Camellia sinensis may also play a role in reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke.
D. besides the possible preventing and inhibiting of
E. besides possibly preventing or inhibiting

这一次为了咱分析方便，我们就不考虑possible/possibly了，因为这两个词用法都正确，不是考点。
这下我们考虑句意，what is being discussed?  关键词: "cancer" "heart disease and stroke"，这就是作者的两点points：1. role in preventing and inhibiting cancer 或者说 role in the preventing and inhibiting of cancer (注意我补全了role in，这是基于句意逻辑理解）; 2. role in reducing the risk of  heart disease and stroke.
D. besides the preventing of ..., S may also play a role in reducing ....
E. besides preventing ..., S may also play a role in reducing ...

这下我们发现考点是Parrellism。

E里面preventing...是simple gerund，所以是作为动词存在。那么也就是说，E是把动词和动词并列，可以是（表面上看）preventing和reducing并列（合乎逻辑），但也可以是prevent和play并列，就是besides doing sth, S may also do sth 的结构。而后者prevent和play并列，是不符合逻辑和句意的！因此，E这样的表达存在ambiguity，到底是prevent与reduce并列，还是与play并列。

而与之不同的是，D里面the preventing of ..是complex gerund，是整个作为名词存在，也就是说D是把名词和名词并列，这样就很精确地表示了并列关系：besides A, S may also play a role in B.
----------------------------------------------

我说得太罗嗦，希望说明白了。一句话总结：E的parrellism结构存在ambiguity！

另外，对比D/E，还有一处分歧点：and/or
D. besides the possible preventing and inhibiting of
E. besides possibly preventing or inhibiting
理解prevent cancer和inhibit cancer的含义，这里必须用and!
prevent cancer是预防癌症发生；inhibit cancer是（在癌症发生后）抑制，例如抑制癌细胞生长、抑制肿瘤扩散等等（btw:我学生物的，看到这个or立马排除了）

我的思路：

因句意，应是除了预防癌什么的，brewed leaves还有什么功能

AB不对，杀
留CDE。但划线外部分告诉我also play a role in reducing，我觉得为了更并列杀C，留DE

DE的最大区别在于 possible/possibly，preventing是表动作的，故用副词更好。选E。 不知答案对否

-- by 会员 yaohoo9 (2012/1/15 22:23:45)

biabia123

首先，前面有网友说complex gerund和simple gerund的问题，我re。同样建议看Manhattan相关章节。现在假设lz明白这点，我们来分析题目（这道题我觉得D/E选项的区分需要真正理解句意）。

D. Besides the possible doing of sth., S may also do sth
E. Besides possibly doing sth., S may also do sth

D/E中，possible/possibly的用法都分别没有问题，D中possible修饰noun（确切说来这算action noun），没问题。
好了，句子结构如此提炼，发现D/E都可以。那么说明我这个提炼太condensed （都提炼成do sth，但必须考虑do sth的具体内容来解题），于是我们必须回到原句的意思和逻辑上面去：

The health benefits of tea have been the subject of much research; in addition to its possibilities for preventing and inhibiting some forms of cancer, the brewed leaves of Camellia sinensis may also play a role in reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke.
D. besides the possible preventing and inhibiting of
E. besides possibly preventing or inhibiting

这一次为了咱分析方便，我们就不考虑possible/possibly了，因为这两个词用法都正确，不是考点。
这下我们考虑句意，what is being discussed?  关键词: "cancer" "heart disease and stroke"，这就是作者的两点points：1. role in preventing and inhibiting cancer 或者说 role in the preventing and inhibiting of cancer (注意我补全了role in，这是基于句意逻辑理解）; 2. role in reducing the risk of  heart disease and stroke.
D. besides the preventing of ..., S may also play a role in reducing ....
E. besides preventing ..., S may also play a role in reducing ...

这下我们发现考点是Parrellism。

E里面preventing...是simple gerund，所以是作为动词存在。那么也就是说，E是把动词和动词并列，可以是（表面上看）preventing和reducing并列（合乎逻辑），但也可以是prevent和play并列，就是besides doing sth, S may also do sth 的结构。而后者prevent和play并列，是不符合逻辑和句意的！因此，E这样的表达存在ambiguity，到底是prevent与reduce并列，还是与play并列。

而与之不同的是，D里面the preventing of ..是complex gerund，是整个作为名词存在，也就是说D是把名词和名词并列，这样就很精确地表示了并列关系：besides A, S may also play a role in B.
----------------------------------------------

我说得太罗嗦，希望说明白了。一句话总结：E的parrellism结构存在ambiguity！

另外，对比D/E，还有一处分歧点：and/or
D. besides the possible preventing and inhibiting of
E. besides possibly preventing or inhibiting
理解prevent cancer和inhibit cancer的含义，这里必须用and!
prevent cancer是预防癌症发生；inhibit cancer是（在癌症发生后）抑制，例如抑制癌细胞生长、抑制肿瘤扩散等等（btw:我学生物的，看到这个or立马排除了）

我的思路：

因句意，应是除了预防癌什么的，brewed leaves还有什么功能

AB不对，杀
留CDE。但划线外部分告诉我also play a role in reducing，我觉得为了更并列杀C，留DE

DE的最大区别在于 possible/possibly，preventing是表动作的，故用副词更好。选E。 不知答案对否

-- by 会员 yaohoo9 (2012/1/15 22:23:45)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/1/15 23:08:33)

LS说得很清楚了，但是正确答案是E额。。。我从平行那个点看出来E还是比D好些，the doing 表达的还是动名词。落脚点在名词上，后面的role in reducing强调的是doing这个动作，所以动词分词的形式还是好些。。。至于OR和and 就不太清楚了，我一直弄不清楚这个东西，求大牛哇~~

babybearmm

嗯，你说的有道理，我也发现我错了。。。
关于or和and，我感觉我的思路好像不对（莫非因为我才刚开始SC，没复习到CR），我能理解inhibit和prevent是不能同时成立的，不过我当初理解为这个既能预防也能抑制（就是所谓防治）癌症，所以就觉得是the role of ... and ... 但是似乎老美的思维是,the role of A and B是说A和B同时成立（见下）。

发个网上找的Manhattan Instructor的解说：
Source: http://www.manhattangmat.com/forums/the-health-benefits-of-tea-have-been-the-subject-of-much-res-t7322.html

(a) and (b) use "possibility" unidiomatically.
there are two possible idioms:
the possibility that NOUN VERB
the possibility of NOUN

(a), (b), (c) contain an incorrect "it".

(d) "the possible VERBing" is inferior to "possibly VERBing".
"and" doesn't make sense in context (it makes it seem as though the two effects must occur together); "or" makes more sense.

首先，前面有网友说complex gerund和simple gerund的问题，我re。同样建议看Manhattan相关章节。现在假设lz明白这点，我们来分析题目（这道题我觉得D/E选项的区分需要真正理解句意）。

D. Besides the possible doing of sth., S may also do sth
E. Besides possibly doing sth., S may also do sth

D/E中，possible/possibly的用法都分别没有问题，D中possible修饰noun（确切说来这算action noun），没问题。
好了，句子结构如此提炼，发现D/E都可以。那么说明我这个提炼太condensed （都提炼成do sth，但必须考虑do sth的具体内容来解题），于是我们必须回到原句的意思和逻辑上面去：

The health benefits of tea have been the subject of much research; in addition to its possibilities for preventing and inhibiting some forms of cancer, the brewed leaves of Camellia sinensis may also play a role in reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke.
D. besides the possible preventing and inhibiting of
E. besides possibly preventing or inhibiting

这一次为了咱分析方便，我们就不考虑possible/possibly了，因为这两个词用法都正确，不是考点。
这下我们考虑句意，what is being discussed?  关键词: "cancer" "heart disease and stroke"，这就是作者的两点points：1. role in preventing and inhibiting cancer 或者说 role in the preventing and inhibiting of cancer (注意我补全了role in，这是基于句意逻辑理解）; 2. role in reducing the risk of  heart disease and stroke.
D. besides the preventing of ..., S may also play a role in reducing ....
E. besides preventing ..., S may also play a role in reducing ...

这下我们发现考点是Parrellism。

E里面preventing...是simple gerund，所以是作为动词存在。那么也就是说，E是把动词和动词并列，可以是（表面上看）preventing和reducing并列（合乎逻辑），但也可以是prevent和play并列，就是besides doing sth, S may also do sth 的结构。而后者prevent和play并列，是不符合逻辑和句意的！因此，E这样的表达存在ambiguity，到底是prevent与reduce并列，还是与play并列。

而与之不同的是，D里面the preventing of ..是complex gerund，是整个作为名词存在，也就是说D是把名词和名词并列，这样就很精确地表示了并列关系：besides A, S may also play a role in B.
----------------------------------------------

我说得太罗嗦，希望说明白了。一句话总结：E的parrellism结构存在ambiguity！

另外，对比D/E，还有一处分歧点：and/or
D. besides the possible preventing and inhibiting of
E. besides possibly preventing or inhibiting
理解prevent cancer和inhibit cancer的含义，这里必须用and!
prevent cancer是预防癌症发生；inhibit cancer是（在癌症发生后）抑制，例如抑制癌细胞生长、抑制肿瘤扩散等等（btw:我学生物的，看到这个or立马排除了）

我的思路：

因句意，应是除了预防癌什么的，brewed leaves还有什么功能

AB不对，杀
留CDE。但划线外部分告诉我also play a role in reducing，我觉得为了更并列杀C，留DE

DE的最大区别在于 possible/possibly，preventing是表动作的，故用副词更好。选E。 不知答案对否

-- by 会员 yaohoo9 (2012/1/15 22:23:45)

-- by 会员 babybearmm (2012/1/15 23:08:33)

LS说得很清楚了，但是正确答案是E额。。。我从平行那个点看出来E还是比D好些，the doing 表达的还是动名词。落脚点在名词上，后面的role in reducing强调的是doing这个动作，所以动词分词的形式还是好些。。。至于OR和and 就不太清楚了，我一直弄不清楚这个东西，求大牛哇~~

-- by 会员 biabia123 (2012/1/17 11:40:24)

米米时代007

我认为，D中的第二句话的前一个sentence fragmant的主语是the preventing and inhibiting, 而主句的主语是the brewed leaves of Camellia。而E中，前一部分暗示的主语和主句的主语the brewed leaves of Camellia一致。所以选E。

映日飞烟

可不可以用这个思路解：若D中possible用法正确，则preventing等为名词；但后句对应平行对象"reducing"后有宾语，不是名词，所以这么用是不对的。

个人感觉SC部分如果可以用动词表达，一般间接表达不是最优表达（被动、have+n之类的）。“play a role in preventing and inhabiting”可用，但不是最直接表达。

另and和or的替换属于句子逻辑，原则比较绝对，应该比动词区分更重点吧。

babybearmm

有道理，受教了！
想起Manhattan里面说drive the V-A-N (Verb > Adj. > noun)，这么看来D确实不如E好

可不可以用这个思路解：若D中possible用法正确，则preventing等为名词；但后句对应平行对象"reducing"后有宾语，不是名词，所以这么用是不对的。

个人感觉SC部分如果可以用动词表达，一般间接表达不是最优表达（被动、have+n之类的）。“play a role in preventing and inhabiting”可用，但不是最直接表达。

另and和or的替换属于句子逻辑，原则比较绝对，应该比动词区分更重点吧。

-- by 会员 映日飞烟 (2012/1/17 15:23:43)