新GRE阅读36套答案及讲解(CD制造)

普渡哥

EXERCISE 24

1.  E排除了一种可能存在的他因，支持了观点。
2.  注意：不要忽略文章的TS，后面的内容都是对他的成就的具体的体现；
3.  Condescending：to descend to a less formal or dignified level : UNBEND
4.  逐个定位：The seismic records must be processed to correct for positional
（B）  differences between the source and the receiver, for unrelated wave
trains（A）, and for multiple reflections from the rock interfaces；
it generates a wave train that moves downward at a speed determined uniquely
by the rock's elastic characteristics.（C）  
5.  As each source is activated, it generates a wave train that moves downward at a
speed determined uniquely by the rock's elastic characteristics；
elastic characteristics是唯一能够产生这个wave被检测到根源，如果有东西跟这
个辨识标志相似那么，检测结果必然会受到干扰。
6.  开头结论，后面展开讨论过程和细节；答案D；
7.  定位在：
One is that science would destroy the vain and pleasing illusions people have
about themselves; but we might ask why people have always loved to read
pessimistic, debunking writings
 科学是最后一个被人类发展的，言外之意就是发展的最慢的，这段文字给出了一种
解释，是因为科学破坏了人们拥有的美妙的幻象；but转折后，作者质疑了这种解释，
既然这样，为什么还有很多人读一些解密的著作呢？  答案选E
8.  aradox韦氏字典的解释：
statement that is seemingly contradictory or opposed to common sense and yet
is perhaps true
而我们往往只是记住了这个解释：
a self-contradictory statement that at first seems true  
9.  定位在
He found that microbial synthesis of siderophores -- substances that bind iron --
in bacteria of the genus Salmonella declined at environmental temperatures
above 37°C and stopped at 40.3°C.
答案D重复原文内容；
10. 文章后面一直在讲iron对细菌的重要性，想要干掉它，分离他们即可，答案C；

普渡哥

EXERCISE 25

1.  定位在：
 such molecules are synthesized far less readily when oxygen-containing(current
atmospheric conditions)compounds dominate the atmosphere    
答案A.
2.  定位在：
some scientists have precipitously ventured hypotheses that attempt to explain
the development, from lager molecules, of the earliest self-duplicating organisms
答案D；
3.  只有A表达了对机械化对女人工作变革的质疑的感觉，符合文章观点，答案A
Bear out：证实。
4.  作者认为哪个选项才能预示着女人们工作地位的根本改变？
个人感觉定位在：
Fundamentally, however, the conditions under which women work have
changed little since before the Industrial Revolution: the segregation of
occupations by gender, lower pay for women as a group, jobs that require
relatively low levels of skill and offer women little opportunity for advancement
all persist
D选项中的内容是将红字部分取反；
5.  定位在
The employment of young women in textile mills during the Industrial
Revolution was largely an extension of an older pattern of employment of young,
single women as domestics
答案B；
6.  题干问的是best
选A的要注意一下
定位在
Mechanization may even have slowed any change in the traditional position of
women both in the labor market and in the home.  
回顾一下文章的结构：
第一段：老观点，Mechanization促进了女性工作地位的变革；
第二段：新观点，Mechanization并没有促进女性工作地位的变革；
最后一段，总结：Mechanization甚至减缓了女性工作地位的变革；
A和B比较一下，B的beyond the evidence presented in the passage更符合这种
感觉。答案B。
7.  文章说，过去的40年，农药的大量使用并且使用的更加灵活，但同一时期却伴随
着由某种全世界泛滥的害虫引起的农作物损失的增加，排除这些害虫针对这种农药
产生抗性的可能；
问题是，哪个成立能够解释这个现象
A.  无效的农药不再广泛使用，隐含的结果应该是杀得更多了，排除；
B.  用农药得不偿失；
C.  observe their fields more closely，同A；
D.  某种杀虫方法虽然不包含农药成分，但依然很有效；  
E.  农药对人类和牲畜的影响，与题目无关；
答案B。
8.  定位在but which can fix nitrogen by converting nitrogen gas into a usable form
答案C；
9.  真的没别的选的了，只能选B；严重怀疑又是一篇ETS从哪儿截过来的文章；
定位在例子前面的说理：
Researchers are finding that in many ways an individual bacterium is more
analogous to a component cell of a multicellular organism than it is to a
free-living, autonomous organism
A.  文章没明确提过单细胞的概念，同时Among photosynthetic bacteria,
Anabaena is unusual，小偷换了一下概念；  
B.  没有上下文，不好说B就正确；
CDE都没啥关系；
10. 选E，最确切；

普渡哥

EXERCISE 26

1.  E选项说取样范围更广，考虑了各种路况，完善了统计调查，支持了结论。
2.  逐个排除：
A.  unusually warm water extends along the eastern Pacific, principally along the
coasts of Ecuador and Peru，排除；
B.  winds blow from the west into the warmer air rising over the warm water in
the east，答案；
C.  没提发生的几率，以及是否可预测性；
D.  没提范围；
E.  没提。
3.  对三个选项取反，回原文找答案：
A.  Wind _send_ signal_generate_ negative Rossby wave;  
B.  which raise sea level in the cast，simultaneously send a signal to the west
lowering sea level;
C.  blocks the normal upwelling of deeper, cold water in the east and further
warms the eastern water;  
都可以找到答案，答案ABC；
4.  题干：（不认真读题的孩纸伤不起啊）
According to the passage, Cressy would agree with which of the following
statements about the organizers among the English immigrants to New
England in the 1630's?
定位在：
most notably the organizers and clergy, advanced religious explanations for
departure
When he moves beyond the principal actors  这后面就跟他们没关系了；
答案B；
5.  很简单  
Most adult immigrants were skilled in farming or crafts, were literate
Each of these characteristics sharply distinguishes the 21,000 people who left for
New England in the 1630's from most of the approximately 377,000 English
people who had immigrating, to America by 1700;
literate 直接取反即可；
6.  这道题告诉我一件事情，永远不要用最后一段的总结句作为文章的主题，尤其是长
文章！他们经常作为最后一个段落的总结，这些句子很有可能是对主题的延伸或者
扩展。长文章主旨放眼全文。
A.  我误选了，因为最后一段的句子给我的干扰；仔细阅读后
1.  没有debate，第二段是一个补充，待完善；  
2.  没仔细看清楚其实最后一句只是对例子的总结；
B.  主题不是airflow patterns；
C.  random events，只是提了一句会有危险，没展开，不是主题；
D.  答案；
E.  capture pollen不是主要内容；
7.  题干问这个东西aerodynamic environments are primarily determined by_____
These studies suggest that species frequently take advantage of the physics of
pollen motion by generating specific aerodynamic environments within the
immediate vicinity of their female reproductive organs
by表方式手段，从而：
aerodynamic environments determined take advantage of the physics of pollen
motion;
真正的答案在后面
It is the morphology of these organs that dictates the pattern of airflow
disturbances(=aerodynamic environments)
答案：C
8.  定位在改善的段落：
A critical question that remains to be answered is whether the morphological
attributes of the female reproductive organs of wind-pollinated species are
evolutionary adaptations to wind pollination or are merely fortuitous.
答案E;  
9.  定位在：
However, these patterns cannot be viewed as an adaptation to wind pollination
because the spiral arrangement occurs in a number of non-wind-pollinated plant
lineages
取反即可，答案A
10. She shunned bodily ornamentation and strove to use only the natural
movements of her body, undistorted by acrobatic exaggeration and stimulated
only by internal compulsion.  
感觉不明显。。。

普渡哥

EXERCISE 27

1.  问的是文章结构：
The more that is discovered about the intricate organization of the nervous
system, the more it seems remarkable that genes can successfully specify the
development of that system. （这里只是一个假设或者是推论，不能是一个详细的
例证，所以不选A）Human genes contain too little information even to specify
which hemisphere of the brain each of a human's 1010 neurons should occupy,
let alone the hundreds of connections that each neuron makes. For such reasons,
we can assume that there must be an important random factor in neural
development, and in particular, that errors must and do occur in the
development of all normal brains.
答案D; observation<>fact/example/specifics, 有可能是观察事实后得到的观点。
2.  定位第一段：
Inheritors of some of the viewpoints of early twentieth- century Progressive
historians such as Beard and Becker, these recent historians have put forward
arguments that deserve evaluation.
A.  Isolate 新信息；
B.  Connection 新信息；
C.  提了普通的两个人名体现不出这个理论的重要性；
D.  First  新信息
E.  答案；
3.  定位：
Where it did not, the disputing rebels of one or another class usually became
Loyalists. Loyalism thus operated as a safety valve to remove socioeconomic
discontent that existed among the rebels
答案E；
这道题的难度在于每个选项的定语从句，修饰关系读清楚；
4.  逐个定位：
A.  though recent statistics suggest a narrowing of economic opportunity，排除；
B.  上面半句的加上as the latter half of the century progressed；
C.  prevented such disputes from hardening along class lines；Despite these
vague categories
答案BC;
5.  定位：state governments dominated by eastern interests，答案A。
6.  D很好的在两个相关差异性间建立了联系；
7.  not fully understood, however, they cannot rely on observations
告诉了我们这里还存在问题，还有待完善解决的地方，答案B；
8.  Earth's outer core定位在第一句话；
9.  According to Arrom, households headed by females and instances of women
working outside the home were much more common than scholars have
estimated
答案E；
10. 定位在：
However, this is not so much a weakness in her work as it is the inevitable result
of scholars? neglect of this period.
答案B

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普渡哥

EXERCISE 28

1.  定位在第一段：
A.  If she defines feminist criticism as creative and intuitive, privileged as art,
then her work becomes vulnerable to the prejudices of stereotypic ideas
about the ways in which women think；
B.  For women feminist literary critic, the subjectivity versus objectivity, or
critic-as-artist-or-scientist
C.  If she defines feminist criticism as creative and intuitive, privileged as art,
then her work becomes vulnerable to the prejudices
2.  定位在：
then her work becomes vulnerable to the prejudices of stereotypic ideas about
the ways in which women think，答案B；
3.  定位第二段第一句话，Less …than…  强调than以后的内容，同意重复即是A选
项。
A.  答案；
B.  说的是than之前的内容；
C.  没说不重要；
D.  原文：These questions are political in the sense that the debate
没说解决的问题，更没说debate是解决问题的唯一选择；
E.  没说男人女人；
4.  定位在：
But this evolutionary mechanism combining dissymmetry, anatomy, and chance
does not provide an adequate explanation of why right-handedness should have
become predominant.
答案D;
5.  this evolutionary mechanism （combining dissymmetry, anatomy, and chance），
指代的内容应该在上一段，括号的内容给出了它的特征；
定位：
Presumably an individual of the rarer form would have relative difficulty in
finding a mate of the same hand, thus keeping the rare form rare or creating
geographically separated right- and left-handed populations.
答案：C
6.  定位：
One explanation for the differing effects is that all Lymnaea peregra eggs begin
left-handed but most switch to being right-handed.
答案：E
7.  第一种解释不能证明why right-handedness should have become predominant，
第二个可以；答案：C
8.  Reason对应文中的Why，后面就是解释：
Perhaps he believed that he could not criticize American foreign policy without
endangering the support for civil rights that he had won from the federal
government.
9.  结论：An economist concluded that Kregg Company deliberately discriminated
against people with a history of union affiliation in hiring workers for its new
plant.  （一个经济学家总结出了一个规律：在新工厂招募中K公司刻意的歧视那
些有工会历史的人）；为什么呢？
原因1：新工厂只有100/1500的工人有工会历史；
原因2：老工厂的比例比这个高得多；
问隐藏的假设是什么？
这假设就是作者利用两个统计结果推出结论这个reasoning中依赖的或者是需要补
充来加强这个推理的论据；所以这个论据至少应该是在统计数据和结论之间建立的
联系，假设是结论成立的必要条件。只要假设不成立，结论就必然不成立（充分性）。
我们发现D选项中，根本没有涉及任何和统计数据相关的概念，没有在前提和结
论间建立起桥梁的联系，所以D是此题的无关选项；我们将D取非，车间里有工
会成本不会很高一定就能充分的推出招募过程中不存在歧视问题吗？未必，还需要
其他条件的支持，比如老板的脾气秉性，也许老板不在乎钱，但就是看不惯你们工
会那帮人（比如大卫斯特恩）花钱买个痛快，所以D不是结论成立的必要条件。
我们看E，E是在帮助作者补充支持新工厂和老工厂比较差异性，并无他因。
工厂老板会反驳作者说：“我们不是歧视他们啊，相反我们特别喜欢成立工会，希
望找到有这样经验的人，但是，您看我们新工厂方圆几百公里以内都找不到一个有
工会经验的人，我们也是没有办法啊~”
于是作者亮出了E选项，你们候选人里这么多工会的人了，不是没有，就是你们不
招，你们瞧不起他们，驳斥了工厂老板的狡辩。
同样我们把E取非，招聘的时候所有的候选人没有一个是工会的人，所以我们不需
要任何其他的条件的支持，就一定就能得出他们在招募新员工过程中一定不会存在
歧视工会人的问题，因为根本没有工会的人的存在，所以E才是结论成立的必要条
件，也就是前提假设。答案E。
10. 定位在：as most of these experiments support traditional quantum mechanics,
Einstein's approach is almost certainly erroneous.
答案：B

普渡哥

EXERCISE 29

1.  定位Analyzing the physics of dance can add fundamentally to a dancer's skill
体现一种学科交叉的感觉。
2.  逐个定位：
A.  rotational motions require more complex approaches that involve analyses of
the way the body's mass is distributed；
B.  can be studied using simple equations of linear motion in three dimensions.；
C.  and the sources of the forces that produce the rotational movement；
3.  论据：一个关于医疗保险的调查称：30%的一只手的患者三年内都需要第二次进行
这个治疗；
结论：这个治疗从长期看是无效的；
 题目问的是weaken：
 A: 报告中没说清楚两次是否为同一只手，质疑了结论；
4.  定位：
Fourteenth Amendment, was designed primarily to counter the Supreme Court's
ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford that Black people in the United States could be
denied citizenship；
阐述了制定的目的，答案B；
5.  The Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1868；
the Civil Rights Act of 1866；
This declaration（Civil Rights）, which was echoed in the text of the Fourteenth
Amendment, was designed primarily to counter the Supreme Court's ruling in
Dred Scott v. Sandford
可以知道Dred Scott v. Sandford一定先于前两个；
Congress promptly overrode Johnson's veto ；Veto by President Johnson一定在
颁布之前；
答案D；
6.  托福做法即可；
7.  定位：Once a year, in the spring, this plant starts to grow rapidly in the lake，答
案E;
8.  Many of the important effects of organisms are related to their physiology,
especially growth and respiration.
9.  看转折前：
nonverbal thought is sometimes seen as a primitive stage in the development of
cognitive processes and inferior to verbal or mathematical thought；
转折后应该同上相反，体现出design的重要性来，engineering students  并没有像
architectural students  那样drawings made of machines and isometric views of
industrial processes for its historical record of American engineering；答案E；
10. If courses in design, which in a strongly analytical engineering curriculum
provide the background required for practical problem-solving, are not provided,
we can expect to encounter silly but costly errors occurring in advanced
engineering systems
答案D；

普渡哥

EXERCISE 30

1.  定位sought to persuade women to vacate jobs in factories或者and women could
be quite legally fired, refused jobs, or kept at low wage levels；答案A;
2.  Sex-defined protective laws have often been based on stereotypical assumptions
concerning women's needs and abilities, and employers have frequently used
them as legal excuses for discriminating against women.  
揭示了这个立法的本质；D符合这个感觉；  
3.  一次递推就能得出D；
4.  Lewis' treatment of the Eros and Psyche story and one of his best-executed and
most moving works, is merely mentioned by Wilson, though it illuminates Lewis'
spiritual development, whereas Lewis' minor work Pilgrim's Regress is looked at
in considerable detail.
答案B；
5.  Till We Have Faces, Lewis' treatment of the Eros and Psyche story and one of his
best-executed and most moving works
答案D
6.  注意evaluation和theory的区别；答案A；
7.  主旨题，答案D，文章一直讨论的是形成的原因，以及变化影响；
8.  AB说法与文章相反，CD没提，答案E；
9.  通过实验可知道D；
10. 检测到数目比按照理论预测的要少，于是就退出了理论不正确；
D说了少是因为你的方法不当，只能测出10%不到，不是理论不正确，削弱了结论；