【help~】TPO 20 阅读有3个问题,大家帮忙看看~

抓抓sandra

TPO-20, "Westward Migration"


Paragraph 2: Why were these hundreds of thousands of settlers—most of them farmers, some of them artisans—drawn away from the cleared fields and established cities and villages of the East? Certain characteristics of American society help to explain this remarkable migration. The European ancestors of some Americans had for centuries lived rooted to the same village or piece of land until some religious, political, or economic crisis uprooted them and drove them across the Atlantic. Many of those who experienced this sharp break thereafter lacked the ties that had bound them and their ancestors to a single place. Moreover, European society was relatively stratified; occupation and social status were inherited. In American society, however, the class structure was less rigid; some people changed occupations easily and believed it was their duty to improve their social and economic position. As a result, many Americans were an inveterately restless, rootless, and ambitious people. Therefore, these social traits helped to produce the nomadic and daring settlers who kept pushing westward beyond the fringes of settlement. In addition, there were other immigrants who migrated west in search of new homes, material success, and better lives.

4.    According  to paragraph 2, all of the following are reasons why Americans migrated westward EXCEPT
O    the desire to move from one place to the next
O    the hope of improving their socioeconomic status
O    the opportunity to change jobs
O    the need to escape religious or political crises


是不是need和be uprooted的差别导致D是正确答案？


Paragraph 3: The West had plenty of attractions: the alluvial river bottoms, the fecund soils of the rolling forest lands, the black loams of the prairies were tempting to New England farmers working their rocky, sterile land and to southeastern farmers plagued with soil depletion and erosion. In 1820 under a new land law, a farm could be bought for $100. The continued proliferation of banks made it easier for those without cash to negotiate loans in paper money. Western Farmers borrowed with the confident expectation that the expanding economy would keep farm prices high, thus making it easy to repay loans when they fell due.

5.    Which  of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.
O    Because the West had more rivers and forests than the East, its soil was more productive.
O    The fertile soils of the West drew farmers from regions with barren soils.
O    Farmers living in western areas of the United States were more affected by soil erosion than farmers living in eastern areas.
O    The soil in western areas of the United States was richer than soil in eastern areas.



The West had plenty of attractions: the alluvial river bottoms, the fecund soils of the rolling forest lands, the black loams of the prairies were tempting to New England farmers working their rocky, sterile land and to southeastern farmers plagued with soil depletion and erosion.平行最后一个怎么没有and了?语法错误了把?


Paragraph 4: Transportation was becoming less of a problem for those who wished to move west and for those who hand farm surpluses to send to market. Prior to 1815, western farmers who did not live on navigable waterways were connected to them only by dirt roads and mountain trails. Livestock could be driven across the mountains, but the cost of transporting bulky grains in this fashion was several times greater than their value in eastern markets. The first step toward an improvement of western transportation was the construction of turnpikes. These roads made possible a reduction in transportation costs and thus stimulated the commercialization of agriculture along their routes.


8.    aragraph  4 suggests that turnpikes affected farmers by
O    making the price of grain uniform for both eastern and western farmers
O    making western farm products more profitable than eastern farm products
O    allowing farmers to drive their livestock across mountain trails
O    allowing a greater number of farmers to sell their farm products in a commercial market




o 选项：allowing a greater number of farmers to sell their farm products in a commercial market
o 原文：These roads made possible a reduction in transportation costs and thus stimulated the commercialization of agriculture along their routes.
commercialization不等于greater number of farmers selling products,这个答案是不是不够严谨?

四楼还有一个疑问哈~

powerlgx

4. 选D的原因是因为从The European ancestors of some Americans had for centuries lived rooted to the same village or piece of land until some religious, political, or economic crisis uprooted them and drove them across the Atlantic.句中可以看到religious or political crises是讲Americans的 ancestors ，不是Americans

5.木有看懂你的意思

8.我个人感觉是along their routes的原因，修turnpikes前沿路的人不做commerce或做的少，修了后被stimulated，所以有更多人去卖产品了，这题好像我是排除法选的

供讨论~

PS:我发现我们俩错的还真是不一样，虽然我这篇也属于悲剧的……

抓抓sandra

Q4懂啦,看来我看题干太不细心了..><
Q5 就是那句话列举了三个东西,一般应该是A, B and C...,但是那句话的C(平行列举的第三个)前面没有and,所以我看那句话的时候耽搁了好一会儿..><感觉是有语法错误把?
Q8我也是排除法选出D的,但是选的时候因为觉得不严谨,commercialization不一定就是代表着是有更多farmers可以卖东西了呀,有可能是farmers没有变多,只是每个人可以卖更多东西了..

抓抓sandra

    aragraph 5: Five centuries later, about 7700B.C., a new village rose on the mound. At first the inhabitants still hunted gazelle intensively. Then, about 7000 B.C., within the space of a few generations, they switched abruptly to herding domesticated goats and sheep and to growing einkorn, pulses, and other cereal grasses. Abu Hureyra grew rapidly until it covered nearly 30 acres. It was a close-knit community of rectangular, one-story mud-brick houses, joined by narrow lanes and courtyards, finally abandoned about 5000 B.C.. Many complex factors led to the adoption of the new economies, not only at Abu Hureyra, but at many other locations such as 'Ain Ghazal, also in Syria, where goat toe bones showing the telltale marks of abrasion caused by foot tethering (binding) testify to early herding of domestic stock.


    Q10：
    According  to paragraph 5, after 7000 B.C. the settlement of Abu Hureyra differed from earlier settlements at that location in all of the following EXCEPT
    o the domestication of animals
    o the intensive hunting of gazelle
    o the size of the settlement
    o the design of the dwellings
    About 7700 B.C ...At first ..still hunted gazelle intensively..About 7000 B.C...switched abruptly to...不是变化了吗?怎么会是答案?

powerlgx

Q4懂啦,看来我看题干太不细心了..><
Q5 就是那句话列举了三个东西,一般应该是A, B and C...,但是那句话的C(平行列举的第三个)前面没有and,所以我看那句话的时候耽搁了好一会儿..><感觉是有语法错误把?
Q8我也是排除法选出D的,但是选的时候因为觉得不严谨,commercialization不一定就是代表着是有更多farmers可以卖东西了呀,有可能是farmers没有变多,只是每个人可以卖更多东西了..

-- by 会员 抓抓sandra (2011/10/18 11:48:39)

Q5.哈哈这个意思，做的时候忙着理解意思去了，生词太多木有管语法，语法不太好，不好说，但貌似在某经验贴还是某书上说：ETS弄阅读文章的时候是将原来简单易懂的学术论文压缩paraphrase出复杂句以减少篇幅增加难度，因此其中难免会有非常见用法或语法错误，因此做阅读的时候要关注意群和大意，不要纠结于语法。


Q8.那个……我刚才回复的意思就是说，沿路的farmers本来木有卖东西的，被stimulated（刺激的含义便是增加参与者数量）后开始卖的，所以farmers就多了，另外，其他选项貌似更不对或者原文中找不到，所以相比之下，这个选项更对

powerlgx

   aragraph 5: Five centuries later, about 7700B.C., a new village rose on the mound. At first the inhabitants still hunted gazelle intensively. Then, about 7000 B.C., within the space of a few generations, they switched abruptly to herding domesticated goats and sheep and to growing einkorn, pulses, and other cereal grasses. Abu Hureyra grew rapidly until it covered nearly 30 acres. It was a close-knit community of rectangular, one-story mud-brick houses, joined by narrow lanes and courtyards, finally abandoned about 5000 B.C.. Many complex factors led to the adoption of the new economies, not only at Abu Hureyra, but at many other locations such as 'Ain Ghazal, also in Syria, where goat toe bones showing the telltale marks of abrasion caused by foot tethering (binding) testify to early herding of domestic stock.


   Q10：
   According  to paragraph 5, after 7000 B.C. the settlement of Abu Hureyra differed from earlier settlements at that location in all of the following EXCEPT
   o the domestication of animals
   o the intensive hunting of gazelle
   o the size of the settlement
   o the design of the dwellings
   About 7700 B.C ...At first ..still hunted gazelle intensively..About 7000 B.C...switched abruptly to...不是变化了吗?怎么会是答案?

-- by 会员 抓抓sandra (2011/10/18 11:50:17)

P2.Q10.我的理解是原文中的Then, about 7000 B.C., within the space of a few generations, space of time是时间间隔的意思，因此这里的意思是在几代人里才switched abruptly的，也就是说，7000B.C.之后有一阵还是保持以前7700B.C.的inhabitants still hunted gazelle intensively，所以不算是不同。


PS：咱俩截止目前这篇还木有一题错成一样的……

抓抓sandra

懂了~啊哈~严谨的ETS还是没有GMAC严谨哇..
再来一个问题哈~    

TPO-20, "Fossil Preservation"
    aragraph 1: When one considers the many ways by which organisms are completely destroyed after death, it is remarkable that fossils are as common as they are. Attack by scavengers and bacteria, chemical decay, and destruction by erosion and other geologic agencies make the odds against preservation very high. However, the chances of escaping complete destruction are vastly improved if the organism happens to have a mineralized skeleton and dies in a place where it can be quickly buried by sediment. Both of these conditions are often found on the ocean floors, where shelled invertebrates (organisms without spines) flourish and are covered by the continuous rain of sedimentary particles. Although most fossils are found in marine sedimentary rocks, they also are found in terrestrial deposits left by streams and lakes. On occasion, animals and plants have been preserved after becoming immersed in tar or quicksand, trapped in ice or lava flows, or engulfed by rapid falls of volcanic ash.
    
    Q1 :
    The  word "agencies" in the passage is closest in meaning to
        ○ combinations
        ○ problems
        ○ forces (答案)
        ○ Changes
        

我很想蹦WTH..><这个选changes也说得通吧?然后这个词在词典里头找了半天都没有force的意思啊~~~坑爹了..

powerlgx

OMLDGG，我这套都错成什么了，在我众多的错误中，你居然到目前没一个跟我错一样的……这都肿么了？

Q15. 说实话单词题是我最弱的部分，但这题我对了，也正是因为我单词不好，也没理会agencies这个词是否有forces的含义。我是这么考虑的，destruction by erosion and  other geologic 什么，erosion 和  geologic 什么平行，erosion是种作用（影响），geologic 什么也应该是种作用（影响），而changes是过程没说明影响，而且destruction by geologic changes好像也说不大通，所以不对，其他的就更不对，只有forces作为一种作用讲得通。

刚查了下，字典里这么定义的 noun   INFLUENCE ：(a person or thing with a lot of) influence and energy ，虽然感觉这题不像一般单词题，但就意思说貌似应该还算靠谱

miss绿光

14.      Directions: Anintroductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below.Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express themost important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in thesummary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or areminor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
At the end ofthe Ice Age, patterns of human settlement changed in southwestern Asia.
O    
O    
O    

Answer Choices

O    Wild cereals,grasses, and nuts were exchanged for exotic objects
O    Changes in climatic conditionsmade southwestern Asia highly beneficial to human occupants.
O    Socialorganization in Abu Hureyra decreased as the population grew.
O    The favorablelocation of Abu Hureyra kept the city from experiencing hardship during droughtyears.
O    Within2,000 years, populations in southwestern Asia greatly increased in number.
O    Inrich, fertile areas permanent societies evolved to a high level of complexity

=====

第二篇文章~changes in climate conditions是怎么的出来是beneficial的？不是变drought了么？

hjq1990

14.      Directions: Anintroductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below.Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express themost important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in thesummary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or areminor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points.
At the end ofthe Ice Age, patterns of human settlement changed in southwestern Asia.
O    
O    
O    

Answer Choices

O    Wild cereals,grasses, and nuts were exchanged for exotic objects
O    Changes in climatic conditionsmade southwestern Asia highly beneficial to human occupants.
O    Socialorganization in Abu Hureyra decreased as the population grew.
O    The favorablelocation of Abu Hureyra kept the city from experiencing hardship during droughtyears.
O    Within2,000 years, populations in southwestern Asia greatly increased in number.
O    Inrich, fertile areas permanent societies evolved to a high level of complexity

=====

第二篇文章~changes in climate conditions是怎么的出来是beneficial的？不是变drought了么？

-- by 会员 miss绿光 (2012/4/18 10:51:46)

感觉此处的beneficial是指第一段中内容，即Ice Age之后的气候变化有利于人类生存。
再说，既然明白了E要选，自然B也对了哈
PS：我的TPO软件总出奇怪的问题，比如此题，答案为BEF，我选了EBF结果就显示为错了，不知大家是否也有这个问题