these竟然能够单独做主语？

dzxu

34. (26262-!-item-!-188;#058&003094)

Besides adding complementary flavors to many foods, hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, just as exercise does, and these have a pain-relieving effect like morphine's.

(A) hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, just as exercise does, and these have a pain-relieving effect like morphine's
(B) hot sauces stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, like exercise, and they have a pain-relieving effect that is like morphine
(C) hot sauces and exercise both stimulate the release of endorphins in the brain, and they have a pain-relieving effect like morphine
(D) the release of endorphins in the brain is stimulated both by hot sauces and exercise, and they have a pain-relieving effect like morphine's
(E) the release of endorphins in the brain is stimulated by hot sauces, just as with exercise, and these have a pain-relieving effect like that of morphine

prep中的题目，给的答案是A

如果是A，these岂不是单独做了主语？
但根据语法总结“this, that, these, those 在句子中不能单独做代词充当主语，必须用作 this/that/those/ these + n 的结构才能做代词，充当主语使用”。

哪位高人能帮助解释一下？

dzxu

up！

哪位NN能帮忙指点一下啊？

dzxu

再up一下！

herminliu

我看到在mannhattan中有说these不能单独做主语/名词，因为这是一种指代。可是GMAC是出题方，在他的游戏规则里他说对的就是对的。没有办法的呀

这道题主要考的不是these考点，而是逻辑主语/比较这2个考点

抓大放小吧，否则看SC的句子经常会觉得基本5个都是错的。

dzxu

自己再up一下。

these竟然能够单独做主语？

yamyam0806

我遇到的情况是 this that绝对不可以单独做主语， these those 是可以的

yamyam0806

http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_SC/thread-336111-1-1.html
去看看这个讨论

crazysalad

一道题，我自己也觉得有点儿费解。白勇上说了that不能单独充当主语。
OG12上55题：
Many house builders offer rent-to-buy programs that enable a family with insufficient savings for a conventional down payment to be able to move into new housing and to apply part of the rent to a purchase later.
(A) programs that enable a family with insufficient savings for a conventional down payment to be able to move into new housing and to apply
(B) programs that enable a family with insufficient savings for a conventional down payment to move into new housing and to apply
(C) programs; that enables a family with insufficient savings for a conventional down payment to move into new housing, to apply
(D) prorams, which enables a family with insufficient savings for a conventional down payment to move into new housing, applying
(E) programs, which enable a family with insufficient savings for a conventional down payment to be able to move into new housing, applying

答案是B
对于C，OG上说 insofar as this is grammatical, using a semicolon here causes that to refer too broadly to the entire previous clause rather than specifically to programs;
白勇书上说了，that/this/those/these不能单独充当主语，但这里OG就没有说不可，分号后肯定是一个完整的句子，但是后面的分号that就充当了主语。可见，不能单独充当这个有进一层意思，突然来一个什么 that + V + O，可能在GMAT中不被允许，但是有上下文，前后紧密联系的，可能可以。

个人浅见。请指正！

aeoluseros

一道题，我自己也觉得有点儿费解。白勇上说了that不能单独充当主语。
OG12上55题：
Many house builders offer rent-to-buy programs that enable a family with insufficient savings for a conventional down payment to be able to move into new housing and to apply part of the rent to a purchase later.
(A) programs that enable a family with insufficient savings for a conventional down payment to be able to move into new housing and to apply
(B) programs that enable a family with insufficient savings for a conventional down payment to move into new housing and to apply
(C) programs; that enables a family with insufficient savings for a conventional down payment to move into new housing, to apply
(D) prorams, which enables a family with insufficient savings for a conventional down payment to move into new housing, applying
(E) programs, which enable a family with insufficient savings for a conventional down payment to be able to move into new housing, applying

答案是B
对于C，OG上说 insofar as this is grammatical, using a semicolon here causes that to refer too broadly to the entire previous clause rather than specifically to programs;
白勇书上说了，that/this/those/these不能单独充当主语，但这里OG就没有说不可，分号后肯定是一个完整的句子，但是后面的分号that就充当了主语。可见，不能单独充当这个有进一层意思，突然来一个什么 that + V + O，可能在GMAT中不被允许，但是有上下文，前后紧密联系的，可能可以。

个人浅见。请指正！

-- by 会员 crazysalad (2011/10/10 1:56:13)

I'm along with you.  

The reason why that always could not used independently is just as what OG comments on option C: "to refer too broadly to the entire previous clause rather than specifically to programs". So, the judging creterion here is whether that has a definite reference.

Actually there is one sentence in GMAT SC that uses isolated "that" because the meaning is clear:
#92. Unlike bananas, which can be picked green and ripened artificially, strawberries must be picked when they are fully ripe, and they remain at peak flavor for only four or five days after that.
That often appears alone when it refers to preceding occurrence(in the above sentence, that means "strawberries are picked").

seeingyou

原题选项D在Manhattan论坛被排除的原因是Dangling Modifier，不明白。。。不知道哪位可以帮忙解释一下吗？或者看到的D其它问题？