superbat呼叫斑主！OG Q105 关于代词、ing结构能否修饰介宾中的宾语

teddybearj4

感谢bat斑竹和aeoluseros大斑竹给我们研读OG的帮助！Q105和Q107真心的解释的好啊！！！

syjessy

Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项，OG说：The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧，分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么？如OG 第一题C选项。

OG所说的The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase应该是指这个分词形式没有清晰的修饰先行词，因为如果coordinate修饰illustration，那也要用过去分词表被动，因为illustration不能主动coordinate，而且them也有指代不明的嫌疑。
B选项中coordinating是修饰illustration还是BP是不清楚的，但是逻辑上他应该是与BP有主谓关系，所以B也不对。
D选项coordinated修饰BP，表明BP is coordinated with her narratives，逻辑上是错的。
E选项them指代不明。
这是我的个人意见~如果有不对的地方还请楼主谅解啦~

superbat28

Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项，OG说：The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧，分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么？如OG 第一题C选项。

OG所说的The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase应该是指这个分词形式没有清晰的修饰先行词，因为如果coordinate修饰illustration，那也要用过去分词表被动，因为illustration不能主动coordinate，而且them也有指代不明的嫌疑。
B选项中coordinating是修饰illustration还是BP是不清楚的，但是逻辑上他应该是与BP有主谓关系，所以B也不对。
D选项coordinated修饰BP，表明BP is coordinated with her narratives，逻辑上是错的。
E选项them指代不明。
这是我的个人意见~如果有不对的地方还请楼主谅解啦~

-- by 会员 syjessy (2012/2/8 10:14:29)

呃，sorry，有点乱。你第一句话说你认为coordinating只能修饰BP，但是为什么你在解释A选项的时候你又说“若coordinating修饰illustration的话怎样怎样。。”

就是~你看看能不能再捋下你的想法~要不我也不知道怎么回复你的好了。发现你OG看的真心细哇，赞一个。期待后续继续讨论 ：)

有理想没有钱

mark..................

babybearmm

发现我同意斑斑第一个观点啊，"comma+v-ing"后面的v-ing肯定不能修饰comma之前的那个名词啦，否则就应该是"no comma + v-ing"作为noun modifier.
感觉OG很多时候很敷衍啊.......
我这么看A的，"comma+v-ing"只能是adverbial modifier that modifies the preceding clause，所以就得有entire clause存在，但这里它偏偏插在主谓之间，破坏了这句话的intactness，所以不行。还有那个"BP, in her book illustrations,.."感觉也不对，前面俩名词结构并列，还没有一个修饰另一个的关系。

“代词是不能指代介宾结构中的宾语的吧？这个想法对否？”
试着造个句子：
Dr.X found this phenomenon through a series of experiments in mice with both hypertension and diabetes; by analyzing their gene expressions, he concluded that ______.
这句话their指的"the mice's"，我觉得挺清晰的吧？就近指代最近的复数名词mice ("mice with both hypertension and diabetes")；且假如their指代experiments的话，"their gene expression" does not make sense.
不知道这句子算不算“介宾结构”，符合条件吗，斑斑觉得呢？

我现在感觉，对考modifier的长句子，直接正向造句选答案，比排除法似乎更好。

Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and

对于A选项，OG说：The participial phrase does not clearly modify the noun in the preceding phrase. 但是我认为coordinating只能修饰BP吧，分词短语不是不可以修饰介宾短语中的宾语么？如OG 第一题C选项。

此外，关于代词。。OG没有提到关于them的问题，可是我想问：尽管对于代词指代貌似应该是遵循按逻辑意思来寻找的原则，可能就近指代，可能跳跃指代，可能指中心词什么的。但是，代词是不能指代介宾结构中的宾语的吧？这个想法对否？
若对，是不是该题A选项，包括其后有些选项，代词指代也有错误？

-- by 会员 superbat28 (2011/7/19 20:13:49)

superbat28

嗯。其实乍一看你造的那个句子，我感觉如果是GMAT题的话，它肯定会用更简洁的表达法~但我们就就这种句子来说吧~嘿

代词能不能指代介词宾语，我个人意见：能，但是这样指代不清晰。

代词指代是否清晰这一问题，在GMAT中其实更应该算作一个effectiveness的问题。如你所说，如果这个句子，大家很清楚这个代词只有一个可能指代的对象的话，那无论怎样，其实它也就只能指代它了。没任何争议~

但是，说这么指代不好，是因为一般我们都是在【主谓宾】这种句子主结构中看到代词。如果这时候这个代词是用于指代【介宾结构】的宾语时，其实这个代词和【介宾结构宾语】二者并不是在句子重要程度的一个层级上，因此有时会觉得这种指代，不是很顺~

babybearmm

啊我好像明白你的意思了.....的确，我当时造这个句子的时候就想，如果接下来我用they来指代mice的话，好像确实不太顺，本来mice只是藏在介宾结构里藏得很深，拎出来作主语就像你说的“二者并不是在句子重要程度的一个层级上”。或者说我们提炼句子主干之后，they还留在主干里，但是mice已经没了。是这个意思吧？.....所以我当时编了这个句子把their也放到介宾结构里"by analyzing their gene expression"

嗯。其实乍一看你造的那个句子，我感觉如果是GMAT题的话，它肯定会用更简洁的表达法~但我们就就这种句子来说吧~嘿

代词能不能指代介词宾语，我个人意见：能，但是这样指代不清晰。

代词指代是否清晰这一问题，在GMAT中其实更应该算作一个effectiveness的问题。如你所说，如果这个句子，大家很清楚这个代词只有一个可能指代的对象的话，那无论怎样，其实它也就只能指代它了。没任何争议~

但是，说这么指代不好，是因为一般我们都是在【主谓宾】这种句子主结构中看到代词。如果这时候这个代词是用于指代【介宾结构】的宾语时，其实这个代词和【介宾结构宾语】二者并不是在句子重要程度的一个层级上，因此有时会觉得这种指代，不是很顺~

-- by 会员 superbat28 (2012/2/14 8:24:45)

babybearmm

刚看到一道题，跟斑斑说的很像
Japanese researchers are producing a series of robots that can identify human facial expressions, to which they will then respond; their goal is primarily creating a robot that will empathize with us.

(A) expressions, to which they will then respond; their goal is primarily creating
(B) expressions, then responding to them; primarily to create
(C) expressions and then respond to them; the researchers' primary goal is to create
(D) expressions as well as giving a response to them; their primary goal is creation of
(E) expressions and responding to them; primarily, the researchers' goal is creating

这题正确答案是第三个选项。错误选项A那个they从意思上看该指代位于"a series of robots"中的robots，但语法上看似乎倾向于指代"Japanese researchers"，所以A指代不清。

yiayia

baby姐 我觉得A项的第一个they更倾向于指代"a series of robots"，因为把句子分拆就成了
a.Japanese researchers are producing a series of robots.主句
b.a series of robots can identify human facial expressions, to which they will then respond.分句
正因为“二者并不是在句子重要程度的一个层级上”，所以they如果要找指代内容，应该在b中找主语。

当然A选项很容易判断指代不清，前面的they和their指代的对象不一样。

babybearmm

有道理啊~