老prep-2-24求解~emergency

sophia0518CD

The new image of Stone Age people as systematic hunters of large animals, rather than merely
scavenging for meat, have emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany, including
three wooden spears that archaeologists believe to be about 400,000 years old.
(A) merely scavenging for meat, have emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany,
including  
(B) as merely scavenging for meat, have emerged from examining tools found in Germany, which
include
(C) as mere meat scavengers, has emerged from examining tools found in Germany that includes
(D) mere scavengers of meat, has emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany, which
includes
(E) mere scavengers of meat, has emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany,
including
E最后的including为什么可以呢？不是有可能是用来修饰the new image of ...的吗？这里没有歧义吗？
语法笔记中，同一份Prep的26题有如下的补充说明：
“逻辑表达，现在分词结构在句尾可作定语修饰紧临的名词，也可作状语修饰整个句子，所以在这
种情况下需要特别注意，通常优先作定语修饰名词，如果不符合逻辑，则是作状语修饰句子，如
果二者都能理解符合逻辑，则说明该分词结构有修饰歧义。这种情况下，用定语从句修饰名词更
有效。”
这个说明是否可以就是上面那个问题的回答？
也就是只要可以分辨出来最后一句分次结构的伴随状语所要修饰的对象，就可以保留？如果说既可以修饰紧邻的名词又可以修饰整个句子，这样的情况才不选分词结构做伴随状语，是吗？

这两天做题都是看到最后一句是分词作伴随状语的直接就pass...看来这么做还是不保险？

0o小猪o0

including不是优先修饰前面的句子吗？
你说的那个是不是没有逗号的情况。。。。？

sophia0518CD

回复2楼：
这是从老版语法笔记上面copy下来的..

26. (25798-!-item-!-188;#058&002669)

A team of scientists has recently provided evidence of Earth being bombarded daily with as many

as 40,000 small comets, vaporizing in the upper atmosphere to fall to Earth as rain.

(A) of Earth being bombarded daily with as many as 40,000 small comets, vaporizing in the upper

atmosphere to

(B) of Earth's being daily bombarded with as many as 40,000 small comets, vaporizing in the upper

atmosphere and that

(C) that as much or more than 40,000 small comets daily bombard Earth, vaporizing in the upper

atmosphere, and

(D) that daily Earth is bombarded with as much or more than 40,000 small comets that vaporize in

the upper atmosphere and that

(E) that Earth is bombarded daily with as many as 40,000 small comets that vaporize in the upper

atmosphere and

句子结构：A team… has provided evidence that Earth is bombarded… with… comets that

vaporize… and fall…

宾语evidence后跟that引导的同位语从句，从句主语是Earth，谓语是is bombarded with，宾语comets

由that引导的定语从句修饰，该从句有并列谓语vaporize and fall。

考点：句子结构、逻辑表达

1) 句子结构

1）同位语从句，名词+that同位语从句结构常被名词+of being混淆，将that位置改变，使引

导定语从句，改变句子强调重心。

2）连词and在连接句子时，只能连接并列的独立句子（即主句），and后面的句子不能与从

句并列

2) 逻辑表达，现在分词结构在句尾可作定语修饰紧临的名词，也可作状语修饰整个句子，所以在这

种情况下需要特别注意，通常优先作定语修饰名词，如果不符合逻辑，则是作状语修饰句子，如

果二者都能理解符合逻辑，则说明该分词结构有修饰歧义。这种情况下，用定语从句修饰名词更

有效。

(A) evidence of being表达错误，evidence后面应该跟同位语从句解释evidence的内容；现在分词

vaporizing在句尾有作伴随状语修饰主句的歧义，vaporizing to fall to也不符合逻辑意思。

(B) evidence of being表达错误，evidence后面应该跟同位语从句解释evidence的内容；现在分词

vaporizing在句尾有作伴随状语修饰主句的歧义；and that没有并列对象。

(C) as much or more than搭配错误；分词结构vaporizing修饰对象不清楚。

(D) daily位置改变使其修饰对象错误；as much or more than搭配错误；and that在语法上与前面的that

并列，不符合逻辑，应该去掉that，与vaporize作并列从句谓语。

(E)正确，第一个that引导同位语从句，第二个that引导定语从句修饰comets。

counyo

including修饰tools

sophia0518CD

回复3楼：
我知道，不过原来在语法笔记上有看过，就是最后一个句子如果用分词做伴随状语容易造成歧义，因为有可能是修饰整个句子或者句子的主语，不一定是修饰紧邻的名词~
这个会产生歧义...
所以不知道该不该把它作为单一的排除因素~这道题选的E，所以我感觉应该不是单一的排除因素，想来求证一下，看有没有比较正式的说法。

counyo

我两年前上的新东方，不记得了。他们讲的语法很多都是错的，你不用太纠结。

要修饰紧邻的名词直接在名词后面跟that 或者which，否则就应该用现在分词。

你看这句话的意思，看明白了意思，你就知道including明显修饰tools。这句话如果在germany后面跟which就是修饰germany了。