大全117 - OG 56 请教help

cocoabean

56. Architects and stonemasons, huge palace and temple clusters were built by the Maya without benefit of the wheel or animal transport.   -3

(A)  huge palace and temple clusters were built by the Maya without benefit of the wheel or animal transport  &

(B)  without the benefits of animal transport or the wheel, huge palace and temple clusters were built by the Maya

(C)  the Maya built huge palace and temple clusters without the benefit of animal transport or the wheel

(D)  there were built, without the benefit of the wheel or animal transport, huge palace and temple clusters by the Maya

(E)   were the Maya who, without the benefit of the wheel or animal transport, built huge palace and temple clusters  

1. A, B, and D illogically suggest that the palace and temple clusters were architects and stonemasons. For the modification to be logical. Architects and stonemasons must immediately precede the Maya, the noun phrase it is meant to modify.

3.?? E is awkwardly phrased and produces a sentence fragment,?? because the appositive noun phrase Architects and stonemasons cannot serve as the subject of were the Maya. 以偏代全.

?? Why E produces a sentence fragment?  who 和其谓语分开不可以吗?

会造成歧义吗? 形成A and S, ...built.

请高人指点, 那些情况下会造成sentense fragment?  thanks

iamwwh

Architects and stonemasons, were the Maya who, without the benefit of the wheel or animal transport, built huge palace and temple clusters  .

were之前不应该有逗号的，这样会句子不完整

babypace

这样改可能好些：Architects and stonemasons（主） were （谓）the Maya（宾）, who, without the benefit of the wheel or animal trasport（插入语）, built huge palace and temple clusters（宾语从句）.

这样改后，可能fragment是没有了，但是这不是题目要强调的东西。题目强调的是没有车和动物的帮忙，maya人也造了大的宫殿和庙宇，而不是强调Maya人士建筑师和石工。而且说建筑师和石工就是Ｍａｙａ人也不合逻辑的：）

cocoabean

got it, thanks, babyleader and iamwwh.

继续问: 请高人指点, 那些情况下会造成sentense fragment? 什么是sentense fragment,  thanks, 大家不要嫌我烦啊, xixi

babypace

一般句子应该有主谓宾的，所以我标出来了。这是句子主干，然后会有分词结构，同位语结构，从句等等往上加。但是基本形成句子的成分不能丢。我觉得少了谓语的就是fragment。（个人不太成熟的说法）很多ETS的题目我发现是很长的句子，但是没有谓语，主语后面直接跟了从句，让人把长句看完后就忘了句子其实没有谓语。比如babypace, who is a girl working hard on GMAT -----------。当然ETS的句子更复杂更长，但也就是类似的情况了。读题时要小心点，特别是如果从句中还来个同位语插入什么的，就更容易忽略了。

wwwhahchn

A, B, and D illogically suggest that the palace and temple clusters were architects and stonemasons.

D选项的主语是什么？

cocoabean

谢谢baby的精彩回答, 看到自己以前的问题觉得好笑, 真的啥都不懂的说.

hi, wwwhahchn, D整个句子满目苍夷, 不是一个句子, 没有真正的主语, 但是如果去掉built的话, huge palace and temple clusters 将会是主语, 因为there are 是倒装结构.

wwwhahchn

谢谢cocoabean！！

lsw

以下是引用babypace在2004-5-29 2:11:00的发言：

这样改可能好些：Architects and stonemasons（主） were （谓）the Maya（宾）, who, without the benefit of the wheel or animal trasport（插入语）, built huge palace and temple clusters（宾语从句）.

这样改后，可能fragment是没有了，但是这不是题目要强调的东西。题目强调的是没有车和动物的帮忙，maya人也造了大的宫殿和庙宇，而不是强调Maya人士建筑师和石工。而且说建筑师和石工就是Ｍａｙａ人也不合逻辑的：）

终于搞明白了。

cammln

还是不明白：

Architects and stonemasons是什么语法成分，是maya的同位语吗，怎么觉得同位语不应该这么用啊？