求教一条逻辑题

小火凤儿

The proper way to plan a scientific project is first to decide its goal and then to plan the best way to accomplish that goal. The United States space station project does not comform to this ideal. When the Cold War ended, the project lost its original purpose, so another purpose was quickly grafted onto the project, that of conducting limited-gravity experiments, even though such experiments can be done in an alternative way. It is, therefore, abundantly clear that the space station should not be built.

The reasoning in the argument is flawed because the argument
(A) attacks the proponents of a claim rather than arguing against the claim itself
(B) presuppose what it sets out to prove
(C) faults planners for not foreseeing a certain even, when in fact that event was not foreseeable
(D) contains statements that lead to a self-contradiciton
(E) concludes that a shortcoming is fatal, having produced evidence only of the existence of that shortcoming.

答案是E。
能否帮忙解读一下，a shortcoming指的是什么，having produced evidence only of the existence of that shortcoming怎么跟举出的那个空间站计划的具体例子结合在一起。

dphxmg

Major Premise: The proper way to plan a scientific project is first to decide its goal and then to plan the best way to accomplish that goal.

Minor Premise: The United States space station project does not comform to this ideal. When the Cold War ended, the project lost its original purpose, so another purpose was quickly grafted onto the project, that of conducting limited-gravity experiments, even though such experiments can be done in an alternative way.


Conclusion: It is, therefore, abundantly clear that the space station should not be built.


The problem with the argument is: The minor premise does not tell us whether the alternative is the best way to conduct limited-gravity experiments.

小火凤儿

谢谢，这下明白这个关系乐。