OG12-104一个关于介词+which的基础语法问题。

venus2elva

104.  El Niño, the periodic abnormal warming of the sea
surface off Peru, a phenomenon in which changes in
the ocean and atmosphere combine allowing the warm
water that has accumulated in the western Paci?c to
?ow back to the east.

(A)  a phenomenon in which changes in the ocean
and atmosphere combine allowing the warm
water that has accumulated
(B)  a phenomenon where changes in the ocean and
atmosphere are combining to allow the warm
water that is accumulating
(C)  a phenomenon in which ocean and atmosphere
changes combine and which allows the warm
water that is accumulated
(D)  is a phenomenon in which changes in the ocean
and atmosphere combine to allow the warm
water that has accumulated
(E)  is a phenomenon where ocean and atmosphere
changes are combining and allow the warm
water accumulating

选D,没有问题。疑问是in which这个介词in原本是应该放在哪里的呢？ 是combine in吗？不懂。。。表笑藕。。。

El Niño, the periodic abnormal warming of the sea
surface off Peru,（ is a phenomenon in which changes in the ocean
and atmosphere combine to allow the warm
water that has accumulated ）in the western Paci?c to
?ow back to the east.

venus2elva

自己顶顶。

tracy沁

同问哎~

venus2elva

顶顶。

venus2elva

= = 最近怎么好多问题都没人帮忙了。。。 呼叫NN童鞋。。。

10gmat

我的理解是这个in 是接着combine的，只是提前了，就是说changes in the ocean and changes in the atmosphere combine in 导致了这个phenomenon

jtrchina

Q:疑问是in which这个介词in原本是应该放在哪里的呢？
A:此处做状语=where，其放置位置无硬性规定，Anywhere you lke。
比较如下两句：
1.It is the white house in which(=where) president made a speech on the sharp rise of unemployment.
2.It is the uta for which I am working hard on GMAT to meet the application.

句(1)与本题十分类似，in which 做地点状语，还原后它可以被放置在任何地方：(因为无固定搭配来限制它的放置位置)
可以是：president made a speech in white house on the sharp rise of unemployment.
也可以是：president made a speech on the sharp rise of unemployment in white house.等等。
因为此处in无固定搭配，所以表地点状语的in可放在任何你喜欢的位置。

句(2)就恰恰相反了，apply for 是固定搭配，所以必然紧跟application：
I am working hard on GMAT to meet the application for the uta.
此时就不能随心所欲地放for了：
I am working hard (for the uta) on GMAT (for the uta) to meet the application.
任一括号的放置都很awkward

所以，介词+which中介词的位置根据是否固定搭配及其在句中的成分而定，通常可以把句子还原来检验是否通顺。原题可还原为：
changes in the ocean and atmosphere (in this phenomenon) combine (in this phenomenon) to allow the warm water that has accumulated in the western Paci?c to ?ow back to the east (in this phenomenon).例举的三处括号放置皆无问题

venus2elva

Q:疑问是in which这个介词in原本是应该放在哪里的呢？
A:此处做状语=where，其放置位置无硬性规定，Anywhere you lke。
比较如下两句：
1.It is the white house in which(=where) president made a speech on the sharp rise of unemployment.
2.It is the uta for which I am working hard on GMAT to meet the application.

句(1)与本题十分类似，in which 做地点状语，还原后它可以被放置在任何地方：(因为无固定搭配来限制它的放置位置)
可以是：president made a speech in white house on the sharp rise of unemployment.
也可以是：president made a speech on the sharp rise of unemployment in white house.等等。
因为此处in无固定搭配，所以表地点状语的in可放在任何你喜欢的位置。

句(2)就恰恰相反了，apply for 是固定搭配，所以必然紧跟application：
I am working hard on GMAT to meet the application for the uta.
此时就不能随心所欲地放for了：
I am working hard (for the uta) on GMAT (for the uta) to meet the application.
任一括号的放置都很awkward

所以，介词+which中介词的位置根据是否固定搭配及其在句中的成分而定，通常可以把句子还原来检验是否通顺。原题可还原为：
changes in the ocean and atmosphere (in this phenomenon) combine (in this phenomenon) to allow the warm water that has accumulated in the western Paci?c to ?ow back to the east (in this phenomenon).例举的三处括号放置皆无问题

-- by 会员 jtrchina (2010/5/15 12:28:39)

多谢NN jtrchina童鞋解惑。

后来查了which的用法，确实如NN童鞋所说：1. 当介词与动词关系密切的时候，不可随意分开。 2. 当介词与动词关系比较松散的时候，需将介词提至代词前。

再加一个in phenomenon的例子，并尝试还原，请斧正。

大全337 .     Idioglossia is a phenomenon, incompletely understood at best, where two persons develop a unique and private language with highly original vocabulary and syntax.

(A) where two persons develop a unique and private language with

(B) when two persons develop a unique and private language having

(C) in which two persons have unique and private language development with

(D) having two persons who develop a unique and private language that has（E）

(E) in which two persons develop a unique and private language with

还原：Incompletely understood at best, Idioglossia (in this phenomenon) is two person develop a unique and private language (in this phenomenon) with highly original vocabulary adn syntax (in this phenomenon.)

jtrchina

举一反三 冰雪聪明

recoupsin

in which 是 phenomenon的固定搭配（除此之外还有the time when， an period when 等10多个较容易考的固定结构） 所以可以直接把where的选项排除。
而ABC选项是主句缺谓语动词的，排除。