OG - 56 关于分词修饰对象的问题

lenglengad

TIBET同学提出的一点是这样的

If a participial phrase comes at the end of a sentence, a comma usually precedes the phrase if it modifies an earlier word in the sentence but not if the phrase directly follows the word it modifies.

• The local residents often saw Ken wandering through the streets.
  (The phrase modifies Ken, not residents.)
  
  
  
• Tom nervously watched the woman, alarmed by her silence.
  (The phrase modifies Tom, not woman.)
  
  
  

如果分词短语出现在句末，并且它用来修饰靠前的单词，那么在前面需要加逗号，但是如果在紧跟被修饰语的情况下则不加。

• The local residents often saw Ken wandering through the streets.
  (该短语修饰Ken, 而非residents.)
  
  
  
• Tom nervously watched the woman, alarmed by her silence.
  (该短语修饰Tom, 而非woman.)
  
  
  但是做到OG12nd - 56 SC的时候
  
  Many of the earliest known images of Hindu deities in India date from the time of the Kushan Empire, fashioned either from the spotted sandstone of Mathura or Gandharan grey schist.
  
  A. Empire, fashioned either from the spotted sandstone of Mathura or
  
  E.  Empire and were fashioned tither from the spotted sandstone of the Mathura or from
  
  本题很简单就能通过either...or...的固定用法来排除ABCD选项得E
  
  但是对于A的解释是这样的：
  
  A Placement of the modifier fashioned... suggestes that the Empire (the closest noun), not the images of the deities, was fashioned out of these materials; to parallel either from, the preposition from should also follow or.
  
  大家请注意红色部分 这里的意思是说fashioned以过去分词形式出现在逗号之后 修饰的是逗号前的名字 这个显然跟一开始的说法矛盾了
  
  那么我想问的是：分词出现在逗号的情况下，什么时候是去修饰句子之前的名词（或者可以理解为句子的主语），什么时候是修饰最近的名词？在使用的过程中如何避免歧义呢？
  

zylrt

TIBET同学提出的一点是这样的

If a participial phrase comes at the end of a sentence, a comma usually precedes the phrase if it modifies an earlier word in the sentence but not if the phrase directly follows the word it modifies.

• The local residents often saw Ken wandering through the streets.
  (The phrase modifies Ken, not residents
  

.)      
         -ing分词作定语，它所修饰的词一般是分词所表示的行为或状态的主体，从逻辑上看，似乎是一种主语和谓语的关系

• Tom nervously watched the woman, alarmed by her silence.
  (The phrase modifies Tom, not woman
  

.)
     -ed分词作定语时，被修饰的词是分词所表示的行为的承受者，从逻辑上来看，修饰语和被修饰语之间似乎是一种主体和客体的关系


如果分词短语出现在句末，并且它用来修饰靠前的单词，那么在前面需要加逗号，但是如果在紧跟被修饰语的情况下则不加。

• The local residents often saw Ken wandering through the streets.
  (该短语修饰Ken, 而非residents
  

.)

Tom nervously watched the woman, alarmed by her silence.
(该短语修饰Tom, 而非woman.)
但是做到OG12nd - 56 SC的时候

Many of the earliest known images of Hindu deities in India date from the time of the Kushan Empire, fashioned either from the spotted sandstone of Mathura or Gandharan grey schist.

A. Empire, fashioned either from the spotted sandstone of Mathura or

E.  Empire and were fashioned tither from the spotted sandstone of the Mathura or from

本题很简单就能通过either...or...的固定用法来排除ABCD选项得E

但是对于A的解释是这样的：

A Placement of the modifier fashioned... suggestes that the Empire (the closest noun), not the images of the deities, was fashioned out of these materials; to parallel either from, the preposition from should also follow or.

大家请注意红色部分 这里的意思是说fashioned以过去分词形式出现在逗号之后 修饰的是逗号前的名字 这个显然跟一开始的说法矛盾了

那么我想问的是：分词出现在逗号的情况下，什么时候是去修饰句子之前的名词（或者可以理解为句子的主语），什么时候是修饰最近的名词？在使用的过程中如何避免歧义呢？

-- by 会员 lenglengad (2010/1/18 20:44:43)

这个最重要的是理解分词的作用：

在GMAT当中，分词一般考的就是后置定语和伴随状语。后置定语一般是在主系表结构中，分词可以做插入语或者是“名词（表语），后置定语”结构，修饰主语，或者是表语。

在主谓宾结构当中，“名词（宾语），分词”结构中，第一，这个分词结构可以做后置定语；第二，这个分词结构可以做伴随状语，伴随谓语动词的发生。而GMAT当中就容易考这类题目，混淆视听。

我不知道这样回答是不是OK，还有一些不全的地方，还请NN指正了。或者继续留帖，我再帮你答哈