大全-天山新题-20-13/15 （左看右看没一个像正确答案）

jnlvo

是原句的理解, 但是ets认为的常识的理解和普遍的理解.


这句话我是赞同的。我想到一道关于奥运会和停战关系的题，当时论坛里有很多的争论。这题实际就是一个常识，停战要在奥运会前，这样就与A表达的意思(停战要在奥运会期间)有所不同。事后我也在想ETS对这种常识的定义是什么？什么是我们应该知道的？不过还好真正需要只靠这种常识来解的题目不多。


我同时觉得bryony对结果状语的解释还是有道理的，不过还有待更多的例子来证明。

weiyu

bryony对伴随状语的理解透彻，容我仰视一番．一定要动作发生，才能有伴随动作或结果．一个状态是不能产生伴随动作和结果的，对吗？ETS真狡猾．　因为OG上所有的伴随意思都被正确选项保留了．

freedownload

以下是引用Snazzy在2004-3-21 0:22:00的发言：
A,
1, First, it's got to be logically right. E is perfect.
2,     In order to protect ...==> the law regulates that ....

B,
1, you can only choose the best one of the 5. no choose
2,     A,C and D can have ambuity, suggesting the plant is 50 times sweeter. E has clearly distorted the meaning, saying sucrose is from the plant.

请问第2题，那B就为什么没有这样的歧义：suggesting the plant is 50 times sweeter. E has clearly distorted the meaning.A,E和B有什么区别。

jnlvo

以下是引用freedownload在2004-3-21 15:46:00的发言：

请问第2题，那B就为什么没有这样的歧义：suggesting the plant is 50 times sweeter. E has clearly distorted the meaning.A,E和B有什么区别。

(A) A substance from the licorice plant, 50 times sweeter than sucrose, was recently discovered

(E) A recently discovered substance, 50 times sweeter than sucrose fromfficeffice" />

the licorice plant,

标红的地方错。

jnlvo

我感觉每一次深刻的讨论后自己的水平就又上了个台阶。希望有更多的人加入讨论的行列。

JerryGuan

第13题的讨论收获不小！

当时做第15题时，我一下子就想到了补充250中191。以为：

(B) A substance, which was recently discovered, from the licorice plant, 50 times sweeter than sucrose,

以为50 times sweeter than sucrose 是修饰plant的；其他选项都有修饰岐义，阴差阳错选对了。

补充250中191. A substance derived from the Madagascar periwinkle, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients, is cultivated in China as part of a program to integrate traditional herbal medicine into a contemporary system of health care.

(A) A substance derived from the Madagascar periwinkle, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients,

(B) A derivative, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients, of the Madagascar periwinkle,

(C) A Madagascar periwinkle derivative, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients,

(D) The Madagascar periwinkle has a derivative which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients, that（E）

(E) The Madagascar periwinkle, a derivative of which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients,

答案E

bunnier

以下是引用weiyu在2004-3-21 15:31:00的发言：
bryony对伴随状语的理解透彻，容我仰视一番．一定要动作发生，才能有伴随动作或结果．一个状态是不能产生伴随动作和结果的，对吗？ETS真狡猾．　因为OG上所有的伴随意思都被正确选项保留了．

以下是引用pumpkin在2004-3-21 15:54:00的发言：
火火火!!!明天有空了一定再查查. 这个"结果伴随"一直是个心里的结---今天真是长见识!!!!

我也要仰视一番!!!!!

bunnier, too, gets confused easily with participle clauses. his knowlege of them comes from LZM's explanation (ch. 7), which is considered to be too utilitarian. Thanks to this great question,    bunnier chased participle clauses to their root last night...



According to "Practical English Usage" by Michael Swan (one of LZM's references, who knows how much LZM used it), there are    several usages:


- After nouns; reduced relative clauses:
. we can offer you a job cleaning cars. [a job that cleans cars]
. In came the first runner, [who was] closely followed by the second.
. Anyone touching that wire will get a shock. (= anyone who touches...)
. There's Neville, eating as usual. [who is eating as usual.]


- Adverbial clauses:
"Participle clauses can also be used in similar ways to full adverbial clauses, expressing condition, reason, time relations, result etc. (This can only happen, of course, when the idea of condition, reason etc is so clear that no conjuction is needed to signal it.) Adverbial participle clauses are usually rather formal."
. Used economically, one tin will last for 6 weeks. (= if it is used...)
. It rained for 2 weeks on end, completely ruining    our holiday. (=... so that it completely ruined our holiday.) [expressing result]


In essence, adverbial clauses are a form of abbreviation of full adverbial clauses. One should be able to    fill in their omitted conjuction    precisely: condition (if), ongoing action (as), place (where), comparison (while), reason (because), concession (although), purpose (so that, in order that), result (so/such ... that; so (that)).


Using the 2 concepts above, let's try on question 13B:
. By law, only a qualified physician can prescribe medicine, protecting the public. [... so that a qualified physician protects the public.] [... as a qualified physician protects the public.] [... which protects the public.] Yack! They don't make sense. [... in order that something protects the public.] start making a bit of sense... but it's better to say [in order to protect the public, ...]


Is the rest seen in SC? considered to be right or wrong by ETS?
- Participle clauses with their own sbjects
. All the money having been spent, gmaters started looking for work.
- Participle clauses after conjunctions and prepositions
. Once deprived of oxygne, the brain dies druing gmat tests.


请多多指教!!!

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-3-23 7:27:13编辑过]

ecsniffer

以下是引用weiyu在2004-3-21 13:28:00的发言：
    

13. By law, a qualified physician can only prescribe medicine, protecting the public.fficeffice" />

    

(A) By law, a qualified physician can only prescribe medicine, protecting the public.

(B) By law, only a qualified physician can prescribe medicine, protecting the public.

(C) By law, only a qualified physician can prescribe medicine which protects the public.

(D) In order to protect the public, by law a qualified physician only can prescribe medicine.

(E) In order to protect the public, by law only a qualified physician can prescribe medicine.

    

答案是E。问to protect 的主语不是要和主句的主语一致吗？如果是的话，怎么感觉跟physician 连不上呀？

这道题，我的第一感觉选了E，可是一看你的提问我就晕了，哈哈哈哈。

刚刚查了一些材料

In order to不需要逻辑主语与句子主语一致（这个结果我也觉得很奇怪）

逻辑中的例子

21.         Naturalist: For decades we have known that the tuatara, a New Zealand reptile, has been approaching extinction on the South Island. But since South Island tuatara were thought to be of the same species as North Island tuatara there was no need to protect them. But new research indicates that the South Island tuatara are a distinct species, found only in that location. Because it is now known that if the South Island tuatara are lost an entire species will thereby be lost, human beings are now obliged to prevent their extinction, even if it means killing many of their unendangered natural predators.

Which one of the following principles most helps to justify the naturalists’ argumentation?

(A) In order to maximize the number of living things on Earth, steps should be taken to preserve all local populations of animals.

12.         Which one of the following best expresses the point of the argument?

(B) In order to prove that in the early Middle Ages there was trade between Europe and East Asia it is necessary to find both Asian and European evidence that such trade existed.

19.         In order to conclude properly from Anita’s statements that Marcus’ general claim about traditional journalistic ethics is incorrect, it would have to be assumed that

23.         If the statements above are true, which one of the following can be properly inferred from them?

(A) Some of the behavioral tendencies of farm animals can be altered by efficient farm-management practices.

(B) In order to implement efficient farm-management practices, it is necessary to be familiar with the evolutionary history of farm animals.

(C) In order to create farm-management practices that cause less pain and distress to farm animals, a significant loss of efficiency will be required.

(D) Farm-management practices that cause the least amount pf pain and distress to farm animals are also the most efficient management practices.（E）

(E) Some changes in farm-management practices that lessen the pain and distress experienced by farm animals can result in gains in efficiency.

10、In order to act in accordance with the position above, it would be necessary to be able to rely on each of the following EXCEPT:

赫赫，不举了，逻辑中这样的例子好多。。。。

    

这道题我简直要疯了. 是不是我的基本判据都出了问题.

1.                         GMAT中, 原化线句虽然可能有各种错误, 包括指代, 逻辑等错误. 但是它提供了我们句子要表达的基本意思. 我们在选择选项是, 要正确有效表达的也是这个意思. (对不对?)

有这样一个原则，尽量保持原句的意思不变，但是这不是绝对的原则。

2.                         该句, 首先-ing在句中或句尾是作为伴随状语(伴随状态或伴随结果). 这里我觉得是伴随结果: “根据法律, 只有合格的大夫才能开处方, (其伴随结果是)保护了公众. 这里逻辑意思是可以讲通的, 既然没有逻辑错误, 那么根据第1条原则, 应当保留原句想表达的意思. 所以我第一眼就排除了D,E

我同意pumpkin的看法，这里考察的是对protect the public到底是结果还是目的的逻辑意思的理解。合理的理解应该是某条法律的颁布是出于保护大众的考虑。

3.                         A中的physician can only prescribe不通, 应当改为only physician can prescribe.

这里不仅仅是通顺的问题，更关键的是逻辑意思。physician can only prescribe变成了physician只能prescribe...，逻辑意思错误

4.                         D, E将伴随结果改为了目的状语, 虽然很通, 但改变了原句想表达的意思.

赫赫，weiyu，这个规则并不绝对，要看哪个逻辑意思正确。事实上大全里一些题目和这个原则是不符的，不知道你有没有注意到？


                        5. 我想问, 如果B, E都能讲的通, GMAT中要表达原句(提干)意思还还是表达自己理解的意思? 选一个最佳的答案

    

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-3-22 15:21:12编辑过]

ecsniffer

以下是引用bryony在2004-3-21 14:29:00的发言：

fficeffice" />我不认为这里可以做伴随状语，（状态或结果），因为can 表明的一种规定性东西，是一个general principle, 而非一个具体动作。故直接用Ing， 或者which 修饰都很怪。比较一下这个句子：

OG-259 Five fledgling sea eagles left their nests in western ffice:smarttags" />Scotland this summer, bringing to 34 the number of wild birds successfully raised since transplants from Norway began in 1975.

这是正确的句子。这里的bring the number to 34, 是eagles left their nests 的伴随结果。感觉是不是很顺。我的理解是left 一个具体特定的动作，所以没问题。

而上句的can 表明的规定，规定只有在具体实施过程中才能伴随结果。不知道我有没有表达清楚，我的一点语感。而且我认为A是ETS的陷阱，考你ing clause 修饰上的歧义。

郑重的向bryony道歉，我刚才想引用你的贴子却不小心编辑了你的原贴，实在抱歉！！


有点道理，但我觉得不能作为一条规则来使用。


根据og解释，现在分词做伴随结果，修饰前面整个句子。

snow_mountain

以下是引用ecsniffer在2004-3-22 15:35:00的发言：





有点道理，但我觉得不能作为一条规则来使用。


也应该不能算规则吧。只能算是多读的语感。语言是灵活的，要是规定的太死反而容易出错，不建意大家这样做。


根据og解释，现在分词做伴随结果，修饰前面整个句子。





同意MM对伴随状语的理解，其实就是主句的主谓宾合起来带来的伴随结果。应该算修饰句子。

另：你编辑的部分是我引用其他人的话。本来加不加都没关系的，但为了看的清楚，我看看当时引用了谁的话。



另：to bunnier:     we can offer you a job cleaning cars. [a job that cleans cars]    


这句话有点问题呀： job that cleans cars,         job 怎么可以做cleans 的主语呢？clean主语应该是人呀。


我的语法倒不是来自与LZM，我做完了LZM整本书都毫无提高。有一次无意中看了一个NN的帖子说OG的好处，就去翻了翻，自从我就把LZM扔了。如果你还沉迷与LZM，建议还是多钻研OG的好。

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-3-22 16:54:09编辑过]