OG11 98 79 关于分词修饰语的问题

deadpig1987

有几个地方很迷惑，请大家帮我解答一下

79. The Parthenon was a church from 1204until 1456, when Athens was taken by General Mohammed theConqueror, the Turkish sultan, establishing a mosque in the building and using the Acropolis as afortress. (E选项，错误)

OG says establishing…andusing…illogically modifies Athens. 好像意思是句末ing分词，用逗号隔开的，默认就是伴随状语一样  

但是OG121中，句末ing分词，同样也是用逗号隔开，还是可以就近修饰personality traits的 

121. A firm that specializes in theanalysis of handwriting claims to be able, from a one-page writing sample, toassess more than three hundred personality traits, including enthusiasm, imagination, and ambition.

另外

98. As rainfall an to decrease in theSouthwest about the middle of the twelfth century, most of the Monument ValleyAnasazi abandoned their homes to join other clans having less limitations to water access.
        

OG says, having…is ambiguous because it is unclear whether it refers to the Anasazi or otherclans.

这又是为什么？我觉得一般ing分词在句末，又没有用逗号隔开，应该是就近修饰名词的吧。比如在OG 82．Senator Lasker has proposed legislation requiring employers to retain all older workers.

这个是正确选项。这里就没有requiring...这个修饰语到底是修饰senator lasker还是legislation搞不清楚的困扰 

hughlv

MM最好还是把题目贴完整些并附上标准答案，我手头只有OG12找起原文来不太容易。你的题干好像也不太准确，下面是我找到的原题。

27. The Parthenon was a church from 1204 until 1456, when Athens was
taken by General Mohammed the Conqueror, the Turkish sultan, who
established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as a
fortress.
    (A) who established a mosque in the building and used the Acropolis as
    (B) who, establishing a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like
    (C) who, when he had established a mosque in the building, used the Acropolis like
    (D) who had established a mosque in the building, using the Acropolis to be
    (E) establishing a mosque in the building and using the Acropolis as

establishing ...是动词的现在分词形式做为伴随状语，而你提到的 including ...则是介词短语作为补充成分（including是介词，你可以去查查词典）。Athens是最靠近establishing的主语，所以就跟OG上的解释是一致的。including ...作为介词短语紧跟修饰personality traits也比较好理解。主要还是不要看到ing就以为是现在分词就可以了。因为establish a mosque 和use the Acropolis as fortress是并列而没有伴随关系，A应该是正确答案。

fannybeibei

另外的两问真好啊。。。帮顶
有NN答么？？？

fannybeibei

而且为什么98和82都没有逗号呢？
别的帖子抄来的：
v-ed倒是有修饰最后名词的那个情况：
The ancient Anasazi harvested such native desert vegetation as the purple-flowered bee plant, now commonly called wild spinach in northern Arizona and other parts of the southwestern United States.
复杂啊，有NN解惑么？