OG264，OG261

dreadpower

1.                             Scientists believe that unlike the males of most species of moth, the male whistling moths of Nambung, Australia, call female moths to them by the use of acoustical signals, but not olfactory ones, and they attract their mates during the day, rather than at night.

(A) by the use of acoustical signals, but not olfactory ones, and they attract

(B) by the use of acoustical signals instead of using olfactory ones, and attracting

(C) by using acoustical signals, not using olfactory ones, and by attracting

(D) using acoustical signals, rather than olfactory ones, and attract（D）

(E) using acoustical signals, but not olfactory ones, and attracting


     想请教：这里的using是什么用法？？分词可以在句中直接表伴随动作吗？？

1.                             Being a United States citizen since 1988 and born in Calcutta in 1940, author Bharati Mukherjee has lived in England and Canada, and first came to the United States in 1961 to study at the Iowa Writers’ Workshop.

(A) Being a United States citizen since 1988 and born in Calcutta in 1940, author Bharati Mukherjee has

(B) Having been a United States citizen since 1988, she was born in Calcutta in 1940; author Bharati Mukherjee

(C) Born in Calcutta in 1940, author Bharati Mukherjee became a United States citizen in 1988; she has

(D) Being born in Calcutta in 1940 and having been a United States citizen since 1988, author Bharati Mukherjee（C）


(E) Having been born in Calcutta in 1940 and being a United States citizen since 1988, author Bharati Mukherjee


     看了OG的解释，OG说A选项Being a United States citizen since 1988 and born in Calcutta in 1940,违反了平行，但是我记得过去分词和现在分词是可以并列的啊？？

turtlechen

264. Scientists believe that unlike the males of most species of moth, the male whistling moths of Nambung, Australia, call female moths to them using acoustical signals, rather than olfactory ones, and attract their mates during the day, rather than at night.
这里的using是什么用法？？
Using应该是一种定语从句的省略，由 who use 省略而来。这种用法还满常见的喔！fficeffice" />


261. Being a United States citizen since 1988 and born in Calcutta in 1940, author Bharati Mukherjee has lived in England and Canada, and first came to the United States in 1961 to study at the Iowa Writers’ Workshop.
OG说A选项Being a United States citizen since 1988 and born in Calcutta in 1940,违反了平行
Being 同样看起来是省略的结果。可以还原为 author Bharati Mukherjee who has been(=being) a …
因此跟and后不平行了。author Bharati Mukherjee who was born(=born)

who has been(=being)
这里也怪怪的！用since应该搭配完成式，但这里应该用been而非being。用being 应该变成(who is)的省略了！
That’s my 2 cents worth.

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-3-2 2:15:57编辑过]

dreadpower

     呵呵，又见chen兄，近来可好？申请如何？


     关于第一题：我也想过省略，但是若按照此方法还原，who use中的who指代是否过于遥远了？？？甚至应该是就近指代them??


    关于第二题，认同chen兄看法

tianwan

261，being sth and born…， born和sth并列造成平行结构不对称？fficeffice" />

264．“在句中直接”，问得有水平，你真是敏锐，佩服。我就没想到。一般情况下，好像都使用逗号隔开的。

查了语法书，好像找不到分词短语做状语不用逗号的例子，单个分词的有。Using在这里可能是介词？只有金山词霸有using这个词，属性是vbl.,但我查不到vbl是什么。

    

大家讨论。

turtlechen

以下是引用dreadpower在2004-3-1 22:19:00的发言：
     呵呵，又见chen兄，近来可好？申请如何？



     关于第一题：我也想过省略，但是若按照此方法还原，who use中的who指代是否过于遥远了？？？甚至应该是就近指代them??


    关于第二题，认同chen兄看法

呵呵！好久不见，现在边工作边混，骗吃骗吃！
目前在赶最后几轮，机会渺茫，图个经验了！

fficeffice" />

264. using的逻辑主语应该是male moths。他在这里的位置确实有可议之处！但或许其它答案都没他好，所以还是得选他了！

dreadpower

         恩，如此看来，平行要优先考虑


         还有，祝chen兄好运！！

[此贴子已经被作者于2004-3-3 11:48:52编辑过]

tianwan

dreadpower:     OG264:"想请教：这里的using是什么用法？？分词可以在句中直接表伴随动作吗？？"


找到例子了,薄冰<高级英语语法>337:
现在分词表方式,多置于句首获句末:He ran up to her breathing heavily.


Your government should not refuse to fulfil international obligations using domestic law as an excuse. 没有逗号隔开.

bunnier

以下是引用tianwan在2004-3-26 23:30:00的发言：
dreadpower:     OG264:"想请教：这里的using是什么用法？？分词可以在句中直接表伴随动作吗？？"



找到例子了,薄冰<高级英语语法>337:
现在分词表方式,多置于句首获句末:He ran up to her breathing heavily.


Your government should not refuse to fulfil international obligations using domestic law as an excuse. 没有逗号隔开.

hmm... the 2nd example is different from the 1st. bunnier had a discussion with pumpkin other day... there are at least 3 ways to express a means or a tool to do something.


(1) by action
- He killed the spider by hitting it.
- He got where he is by hard work.


(2) with tools
- He killed the spider with a shoe.
- No, he got there with his wife's money


(3) using (a concise variation of "by using")
- Your government should not refuse to fulfil international obligations using domestic law as an excuse.
- the male whistling moths call female moths to them using acoustical signals.


See 大全 964. It covers all 3 forms. personal understanding. 多多指点...

tianwan

谢谢bunnier。

我爱宝宝

以下是引用bunnier在2004-3-27 4:24:00的发言：

hmm... the 2nd example is different from the 1st. bunnier had a discussion with pumpkin other day... there are at least 3 ways to express a means or a tool to do something.
(1) by action
- He killed the spider by hitting it.
- He got where he is by hard work.
(2) with tools
- He killed the spider with a shoe.
- No, he got there with his wife's money
(3) using (a concise variation of "by using")
- Your government should not refuse to fulfil international obligations using domestic law as an excuse.
- the male whistling moths call female moths to them using acoustical signals.
See 大全 964. It covers all 3 forms. personal understanding. 多多指点...

谢谢。但是最后一种用法还是有可能引起歧义的吧，有谁能提供个分词在句中修饰其前面的名词，来进行比较，找出个规律来吗？