OG11-32(一个奇怪的问题）

diawpfm

32.         The Commerce Department announced that the economy grew during the second quarter at a 7.5 percent annual rate, while inflation eased when it
            might have been expected for it to rise.

A.         it might have been expected for it to rise

B.         it might have been expected to rise

C.        it might have been expected that it should rise

D.        its rise might have been expected

E.      there might have been an expectation it would rise

我得问题是D选项，OG的解释是：   Its rise is not parallel to inflation and introduces an awkward clause。

它说到平行，我是不是可以这样理解：这个平行是由WHEN引起的。也就是when是平行的标志词了？？？

另外要是平行的话，正确答案B中的it 和 inflation平行。是rise和eased平行马？那么might have been expected to 这个又和什么平行呢？？？

困惑，相当困惑呢，怎么办？？

iamwuyan

个人想法, 这里的WHEN应该有一层对同一个事物对比的关系

通货膨胀实际上是降低的( inflation eased), 在它一直被期望升高的时候(  it might have been expected to rise)

所以应该类似两个并列句

NKspielberg

固定用法be expcted to do 。固定用法为王嘛。至于平行，也就是说 A and B里面，A和B形式功能要对称。题目里面，含义上来讲，和通货膨胀缓解对称得应该是通货膨胀上升，而不是通货膨胀被预期。因此，inflation eased与it……rise是对称的，都是名词（代词）+动词的形式。而D答案里面，inflation eased和its rise显然就是不对称得，一个是n.+v.一个是名词

diawpfm

谢谢iamwuyan，NKspielberg 了。

功能性对称，听过，但不知道具体是什么意思？

在什么样的情况下用功能性对称呢？？？

在by的书上说：

平行结构的并列项通常是同一类型的语言结构（形式绝对对称），但不同类型的语言结构只要属于同一层次并具有相同的句法功能，也可成为并列项（功能性相对对称）。

这句话是什么意思呢？没看明白。。。。

diawpfm

UP!

祝大家中秋节快乐!

winbie

我觉得平行是指主结构平行(subject || subject; verb|| verb, and object||object，might have been expected  是修饰词相对来说次一等。而且是固定用法，请指教

NKspielberg

形式对称还是举个例子吧：比如 We have not only studied GMAT but also enjoyed it这是对的。而We not only have studied GMAT but also enjoyed it就错了。因为not only A but also B中A和B要形式对称，第一句ved对ved，而第二句就应该是have ved对 haver ved，也就是have enjoyed。当然做题的时候有些题都没有完全工整的形式，但可以进行比较，因为GMAT的原则是选优而不是选对错。

功能相同就是说平行结构的前后必须担任相同的功能。比如“名词and名词”是对的，名词and what从句也是对的，因为what从句担当的就是名词的功能。但是名词and 动词就错了，前后功能不一致嘛。

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-9-14 12:59:05编辑过]

diawpfm

大家再看看OG11－61，这里又提到了平行结构。

Since 1986 enrollments of African Americans, American Indians, and Hispanic Americans in full-time engineering programs in the United States
            has steadily increased, while the number of other students who enter the field has fallen.

 

(A)  has steadily increased, while the number of other students who enter the field has fallen

(B)  has steadily increased, while other students entering the field have declined in number

(C)  increased steadily, while there was a decline in the number of other students entering the field

(D)  have steadily increased, while the number of

other students entering the field has fallen

(E)  have steadily increased, while that of other students who enter the field fell

这里的E，OG明确的说：fell should be have fallen to parallel have increased。

关于这题和32题中提到的平行，我还是不了解，

是不是说when和while词出现，尽量要用平行形式，还是一定要用平行形式呢？还是什么别的原因。

谢谢了

NKspielberg

while不是平行结构，而是表对比。对比要注意比较对象的可比性。前面是登记，后面是数字，当然是不可比的。而前面是登记，后面也是登记（that代替）才是可比的。