关于比较结构中用that代替比较对象，不能用it的问题

rorochen

白勇的语法里面有个替代原则-- 比较对象，对等句子的后半段用that/ those替代比较对象，不用it, them, they

eg.

GWD-3-Q30:

Today’s technology allows manufacturers to make small cars more fuel-efficient now than at any time in their production history.

A.     small cars more fuel-efficient now than at any time in their

B.     small cars that are more fuel-efficient than they were at any time in their

C.     small cars that are more fuel-efficient than those at any other time in
  （those指代small cars）

D.     more fuel-efficient small cars than those at any other time in their

E.     more fuel-efficient small cars now than at any time in

OG 题目：

19.   In addition to having more protein than wheat does, the protein in rice is higher quality than that in wheat, with more of the amino acids essential to the human diet.

(A) the protein in rice is higher quality than that in

(B) rice has protein of higher quality than that in
       (that 指代protein)

(C) the protein in rice is higher in quality than it is in

(D) rice protein is higher in quality than it is in

(E) rice has a protein higher in quality than

In this sentence, the initial clause modifies the nearest noun, identifying it as the thing being compared with wheat. By making protein the noun modified, choices A, C, and D illogically compare wheat with protein and claim that the protein in rice has more protein than wheat does. In C and D, the comparative structure higher in quality than it is in wheat absurdly suggests that rice protein contains wheat. B, the best choice, logically compares wheat to rice by placing the noun rice immediately after the initial clause. B also uses that to refer to protein in making the comparison between the proteins of rice and wheat. Choice E needs either that in or does after wheat to make a complete and logical comparison.

但是，最近发现另外一些题目，是用it代替的

OG题目：

1.        According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land
       is still a goal of a majority of young adults, like that of earlier generations.

(A) like that of earlier generations

(B) as that for earlier generations

(C) just as earlier generations did

(D) as have earlier generations

(E) as it  was of earlier generations (“it” refers to “owning and living…..on its own land”/  “was” corresponds to “is” )

The intended comparison should be completed by a clause beginning with as and containing a subject and verb that correspond to the subject and verb of the main clause. In E, the best choice, it refers unambiguously to the phrasal subject owning... land, the verb was corresponds to is, and today’s young adults are appropriately compared to earlier generations. Choices A and B lack a verb corresponding to is and a clear referent for that. Choices C and D are confusing and illogical because their verbs, did and have, cannot substitute for is in the main clause.

大全10

1.        A large rise (in the number of housing starts in the coming year) should boost
       new construction dollars (by several billion dollars), making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago.

(A) making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago

(B) and make the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago

(C) making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than it was five years ago

(D) to make the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago

(E) in making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than it as five years ago

10, 补充-170

应该用making表伴随结果，B, D, E排除。A的than five years ago, 比较对象不明确。C的than it was five years ago清楚。

所以我现在就糊涂了，到底这个it可不可以代替比较对象阿？？？？ 求教阿~~~~~~~~~

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-8-29 10:38:40编辑过]

rorochen

自己顶一下

rorochen

汗~没有人啊～～～不过我自己觉得这个those/that的原则是不存在的，今天作了下prep,遇到个差不多的题～～

zliycwn1

以下是引用rorochen在2008-8-29 10:37:00的发言：

白勇的语法里面有个替代原则-- 比较对象，对等句子的后半段用that/ those替代比较对象，不用it, them, they

eg.

GWD-3-Q30:

Today’s technology allows manufacturers to make small cars more fuel-efficient now than at any time in their production history.

A.     small cars more fuel-efficient now than at any time in their

B.     small cars that are more fuel-efficient than they were at any time in their

C.     small cars that are more fuel-efficient than those at any other time in
  （those指代small cars）

D.     more fuel-efficient small cars than those at any other time in their

E.     more fuel-efficient small cars now than at any time in

OG 题目：

19.   In addition to having more protein than wheat does, the protein in rice is higher quality than that in wheat, with more of the amino acids essential to the human diet.

(A) the protein in rice is higher quality than that in

(B) rice has protein of higher quality than that in
       (that 指代protein)

(C) the protein in rice is higher in quality than it is in

(D) rice protein is higher in quality than it is in

(E) rice has a protein higher in quality than

In this sentence, the initial clause modifies the nearest noun, identifying it as the thing being compared with wheat. By making protein the noun modified, choices A, C, and D illogically compare wheat with protein and claim that the protein in rice has more protein than wheat does. In C and D, the comparative structure higher in quality than it is in wheat absurdly suggests that rice protein contains wheat. B, the best choice, logically compares wheat to rice by placing the noun rice immediately after the initial clause. B also uses that to refer to protein in making the comparison between the proteins of rice and wheat. Choice E needs either that in or does after wheat to make a complete and logical comparison.

这两题都是than 什么什么的 表示是另外的一个东西

但是，最近发现另外一些题目，是用it代替的

OG题目：

1.        According to a recent poll, owning and living in a freestanding house on its own land
       is still a goal of a majority of young adults, like that of earlier generations.

(A) like that of earlier generations

(B) as that for earlier generations

(C) just as earlier generations did

(D) as have earlier generations

(E) as it  was of earlier generations (“it” refers to “owning and living…..on its own land”/  “was” corresponds to “is” )

The intended comparison should be completed by a clause beginning with as and containing a subject and verb that correspond to the subject and verb of the main clause. In E, the best choice, it refers unambiguously to the phrasal subject owning... land, the verb was corresponds to is, and today’s young adults are appropriately compared to earlier generations. Choices A and B lack a verb corresponding to is and a clear referent for that. Choices C and D are confusing and illogical because their verbs, did and have, cannot substitute for is in the main clause.

这个it用在一个逗号的as后，这个as有点连词的味道，所以后面跟了一个句子，that怎么可以做句子主语呢？虽然其他道理我说不太出... 

大全10

1.        A large rise (in the number of housing starts in the coming year) should boost
       new construction dollars (by several billion dollars), making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago.

(A) making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago

(B) and make the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago

(C) making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than it was five years ago

(D) to make the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than five years ago

(E) in making the construction industry’s economic health much more robust than it as five years ago

这里的it指代的是economic health，是一个东西在不同的时间状态，所以用it表示还是这个东西，所以逻辑意义是首要

10, 补充-170

应该用making表伴随结果，B, D, E排除。A的than five years ago, 比较对象不明确。C的than it was five years ago清楚。

所以我现在就糊涂了，到底这个it可不可以代替比较对象阿？？？？ 求教阿~~~~~~~~~