有语法题[求助]

mars

1. ___ balleet dancers learn five basic positions for the arms and feet.
a) All of   b) Of every   c) All  d) Every
key: a      how about c ?

2. By ____ excluding competition from an industry , governments have often created public service monoplies.
a) they daopt laws  b) laws are adoped  c) adopting laws  d) having laws adopt
key: c

dapangqiu

1，all of  加限定词和名词， ALL 后加名词
2，逗号后主谓语全是个完整句，逗号前是是方式状语，by +-ing +名词。excluding competition from an industry 修饰laws.