在GMAT语法中,各种错误是分等级的,在五个选项都有错误时,错误等级高的优先被剔除。一般来说正确性错误等级较高,而效率性错误等级较低。我们知道逻辑意思的等级最高,逻辑错了,则平行得再优美也没有用;而动词和分词的词效问题(to do 和for doing),则属于后者,往往还要根据其他内容来判断。这里我探讨一下代词指代在改错中的等级。 最初复习时,我是把代词指代列为一个等级较高的错误,因为这种错误一般可以归为逻辑性错误的,可是后来发现实际并非如此。 比如prep1中第37题:(26417-!-item-!-188;#058&002629) One report concludes that many schools do not have, or likely to have, enough computers to use them effectively. (A) or (B) nor (C) or are (D) nor are they (E) nor are not 给出的官方标准答案是D。可是,我们很快发现,D项中的“they”指代"schools",而未划线部分的'them'指代“computers”,显然二者指代产生了矛盾。 再比如prep1中第52题:(27251-!-item-!-188;#058&003145) In addition to her work on the Miocene hominid fossil record, Mary Leakey contributed to archaeology with her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstakingly documenting East African cave paintings. (A) Leakey contributed to archaeology with her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstakingly documenting (B) Leakey contributed to archaeology by her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and by painstakingly documenting (C) Leakey was a contributor to archaeology with her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and with her painstaking documentation of (D) Leakey's contributions to archaeology include her discovery of the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and her painstaking documentation of (E) Leakey's contributions to archaeology include discovering the earliest direct evidence of hominid activity and painstaking documentation of 给出的官方标准答案是D(原因是discovery与documentation平行)。而我们也知道,OG中明确告诉我们,在A's B结构中,代词只能指代B而不能指代A,这样句首的“her work”的指代就有问题。 这两个例子比较典型,我特意找出来,当然prep总共320题中还有至少不下10题,有疑似代词指代错误。 我个人的看法是,在更换了出题机构之后,代词指代这一错误的等级较之以前有所下降,至少要排在平行对称这样的有效性文法错误之后。而第37题作为个别例子,我宁愿相信是GMAT出错了题目,因为这个指代错误实在太过于夸张了。 |