请教prep101,157。

sunnysprin

101.       (29937-!-item-!-188;#058&004052)

 

Many environmentalists, and some economists, say that free trade encourages industry to relocate to countries with ineffective or poorly enforced antipollution laws, mostly in the developing world, and that, in order to maintain competitiveness, rich nations have joined this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution.

 

(A) that, in order to maintain competitiveness, rich nations have joined this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution

(B) that, for maintaining competitiveness, rich nations join in this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution

(C) that rich nations join this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution because of wanting to maintain competitiveness

(D) that in rich nations, joining this downward slide toward more lax attitudes about pollution is a result of wanting to maintain competition

(E) that wanting to maintain competition is making rich nations join in this downward slide toward an attitude about pollution that is more lax

 请问，为啥用have？ 谢谢？

157.       (33331-!-item-!-188;#058&006672)

 

Joachim Raff and Giacomo Meyerbeer are examples of the kind of composer who receives popular acclaim while living, often goes into decline after death, and never regains popularity again.

 

(A) often goes into decline after death, and never regains popularity again

(B) whose reputation declines after death and never regains its status again

(C) but whose reputation declines after death and never regains its
                    former status

(D) who declines in reputation after death and who never regained popularity again

(E) then has declined in reputation after death and never regained popularity

its指代什么？谢谢。

想不明白呀

plato1983

101中用完成时和一般现在时都没有语法错误。不是考点。
157中it指的是reputation

sunnysprin

谢谢，

觉得have有些干扰选择。

157总觉得表达得好怪。