og11-104

ariesyukiya

Nuclear fusion is the force that powers the Sun, the stars, and hydrogen bombs, merging the nuclei of atoms and not splitting them apart, as in nuclear reactors.
    

    

(A) merging the nuclei of atoms and not splitting them apart, as in nuclear reactors
    

    

(B) merging the nuclei of atoms instead of splitting them apart, like nuclear reactors
    

    

(C) merging the nuclei of atoms rather than splitting them apart, as nuclear reactors do
    

    

(D) and merges the nuclei of atoms but does not split them apart, as is done in unclear reactors
    

    

(E) and merges the nuclei of atoms, unlike atomic reactors that split them apart

og的答案是c，我对b有点疑惑，然后用搜索查了一下，然后跳出以前的讨论说在d，e里选，道理看上去还很充分：

二、反向考法之

    

    

既然一个考点可以正向考，如果不反向也考一考就没有难度了。反向的考法是，当前一个分句本来没有对后一个分句的宾语造成任何作用，题目却不断地引诱你去这样做。例如：

    

    

He went into the classroom and sit on the chair.(逻辑上很合理，只有进了教室才可以坐在椅子上)

    

    

ETS的干扰选项：He went into the classroom, sitting on the chair.(逻辑上就很荒谬了，在进教室这个动作发生的时候，他一直坐在椅子上)

    

    

He scored 100 in the 1^st test and scored 99 in the 2^nd test.(逻辑上很合理)

    

    

ETS的干扰选项：He scored 100 in the 1^st test, scoring 99 in the 2^nd test.(逻辑上很荒谬，第一次考了100导致第二次考99)

    

    

来一个实际中的例子，新东方补充教材新版本204题：

    

    

Nuclear fusion is the force that powers the Sun, the stars, and hydrogen bombs, merging the nuclei of atoms and not splitting them apart, as in nuclear reactors.
    

    

(A) merging the nuclei of atoms and not splitting them apart, as in nuclear reactors
    

    

(B) merging the nuclei of atoms instead of splitting them apart, like nuclear reactors
    

    

(C) merging the nuclei of atoms rather than splitting them apart, as nuclear reactors do
    

    

(D) and merges the nuclei of atoms but does not split them apart, as is done in unclear reactors
    

    

(E) and merges the nuclei of atoms, unlike atomic reactors that split them apart
    

    

    

很明显，is这个动作和merge这个动作不可能是同时发生的，也不可能是前一个句子的整体导致后面动作的发生，所以使用merge就错了。大家可以注意到，ABC三个选项都在引诱你使用伴随状语，这就是ETS的险恶用心。所以答案必须在DE中筛选。

到底怎么回事啊？

    

dphxmg

I think C is the key.

Both A and B are wrong in an obvious way. A is wrong because "as" should lead a sentence. B is wrong because we can't find what is being compared with "nuclear reactors".

Both D and E are awkward. "Nuclear fusion is the force that powers..., and merges... " is not a well balanced structure. the main clause, compared with the relative, is really short.

OG also say they are illogical.  Fusion(a) and force(b) are two observable facts. Suppose "and merges..." paralell to "is...". Then we have fusion merges nuclei, which is illogical because merger of nuclei(c) and nuclear fusion (a)are the same thing. Then what if "and merges..." paralell to "powers..."? Then we have "a is b that powers..., and c." In fact,C is illogical, as well.

In fact, the clear expression should be "Unlike those nuclear reators splitting the nuclei of atoms apart, the stars such as the Sun merge them, which give off light and heat." Only if we know what is nuclear fusion and its operation, we know whether an expression used to represent it is logical. In fact, "nuclear reactors splitting the nuclei" is not exact, either, because they provide only the conditions in which nuclear fission happens. The modern physics focuses on the observation of physical phenomena, and uses statistics and probability to describe the phenomena observed. Instead, it is unwilling to infer causal link between two or many simultanious phenomena.

Perhaps it is just our language heritage which, compared with the rapid progress in science and technology, is a bit outdated.

ariesyukiya

恩，谢谢