OG中争议两题100和101

laifu

100. Wisconsin, Illinois, Florida, and Minnesota have
begun to enforce statewide bans prohibiting landfills to accept leaves, brush, and grass clippings.
(A) prohibiting landfills to accept leaves, brush, and grass clippings
(B) prohibiting that landfills accept leaves, brush, and grass clippings
(C) prohibiting landfills from accepting leaves, brush, and grass clippings
(D) that leaves, brush, and grass clippings cannot be accepted in landfills
(E) that landfills cannot accept leaves, brush, and grass clippings
我想问a为何不对，解释里也有prohibite x to do 的用法啊？x forbids y to do z or x prohibits y from doing z. 的意思一样吗？

101. Even though the direct costs of malpractice disputes amounts to a sum lower than one percent of the $541 billion the nation spent on health care last year, doctors say fear of lawsuits plays a major role in health-care inflation.
(A) amounts to a sum lower
(B) amounts to less
(C) amounted to less
(D) amounted to lower
(E) amounted to a lower sum
OG解释中说less在此是名词，怎么理解啊？平常不是说high/low cost,D为何不对？

ecsniffer

以下是引用laifu在2003-12-5 17:59:00的发言：
100.
  我想问a为何不对，解释里也有prohibite x to do 的用法啊？x forbids y to do z or x prohibits y from doing z. 的意思一样吗？
101.
OG解释中说less在此是名词，怎么理解啊？平常不是说high/low cost,D为何不对？

100题，prohibit x to do是肯定错的，正确的应该是prohibit from---
这题我所不理解的是og中“Secondly, the negative cannot after bans is illogical.”这句话我想了很久也不理解，为什么不合逻辑？还望帮忙讲讲。
101，根据m-w词典，less n. 1、a smaller portion 2、something of less importance
这题应该做前一种解释。
这里的less是和one percent of the $541 billion比较，不是修饰costs，一般好像常用less than+数量/金钱？这个地方不确定，还望指正。

fdkbaby

以下是引用ecsniffer在2003-12-5 21:21:00的发言：
  这题我所不理解的是og中“Secondly, the negative cannot after bans is illogical.”这句话我想了很久也不理解，为什么不合逻辑？还望帮忙讲讲。

因为bans已经含有“禁止”的意思了，再用“不能”就不对了。我想是这样吧。

laifu

谢谢ecsniffer 的讲解，同意fdkbaby的解释

Snazzy

1, i would never use 'prohibite sb to do sth', it's ... weird. ' prohibite sb from doing sth' is always good. 'prevent sb from doing sth' is also good
2, haa, 'ban sb not to do sth' is ... nobody will say ' the law bans people not to stop smoking in public places', on the contrary, ' the law bans people to smoke'
3, '10% of $543' is a whole here,  LESS is perfect

gmatchenaimin

don't agree.
"Bans" in the context is a noun;  "that"-introduced clauses is to explain or detail what the bans are. if I say;
the state will enforce a ban that nobody can smoke in restaurant.
what do you think? illogical?

fdkbaby

以下是引用gmatchenaimin在2003-12-6 14:01:00的发言：
don't agree.
"Bans" in the context is a noun;  "that"-introduced clauses is to explain or detail what the bans are. if I say;
the state will enforce a ban that nobody can smoke in restaurant.
what do you think? illogical?

但是如果你改成这样呢？
That nobody can smoke in restaurant is a ban.
而ban做名词解释就是order that bans.
那么不就是“在餐厅里不准吸烟”是“被禁止的了”吗？
感觉很怪啊！

我认为这里还是英文和中文的习惯用法的差别吧！