[原创]大全317 [补充-030]--希望这能给这道题最终定论

eaglesmile

317.      Freedman’s survey showed that people living in small towns and rural areas consider themselves no happier than do people living in big cities.

(A) no happier than do people living

(B) not any happier than do people living

(C) not any happier than do people who live

(D) no happier than are people who are living（A）

(E) not as happy as are people who live

一直以来这道题似乎都存在争论，到底要表达的是consider的比较，还是happy的比较。和很多朋友一样，我开始也选的是E，而且看了很多NN的解释之后似乎还是不能完全信服。所以我特地问了一个美国的native speaker。他给我的解释让我豁然开朗。所以借花献佛，希望能帮到跟我有同样困惑的XDJM们。

A is actually correct as-is. You could insert "to be" before "no happier than..." to make it clearer. It would be: "Freedman’s survey showed that people living in small towns and rural areas consider themselves [to be] no happier than do people living in big cities".

The sentence suggests that the reader may assume or believe (because living in a small town is envisioned as more peaceful, innocent, romantic, etc.) that people living in small towns and rural areas are happier than their (stressed-out, hurried, etc.) city-dwelling counterparts, but that in fact, Freedman's survey showed that they (the people living in the small towns and rural areas) do not believe or consider that they are any happier than those in the big cities.

所以，可以看出native speakers一看句子，就可以清楚地知道作者到底要表达什么意图。但这对我们来说，则需要长期文化的积累。那么单从语法上怎么排除掉E呢？我在摆脱了对原意的固有思维之后，发现E是有明显语法错误的。

E应改为：

Freedman’s survey showed that people living in small towns and rural areas consider that they are not as happy as are people who live in big cities.

只有这样are people中的are 才是用来修饰happy而不是consider。当然句子未划线部分是不能改的，所以，无论是从句意和语法上讲，A is the best！

[此贴子已经被作者于2007-7-19 13:29:17编辑过]

cakemouse

我看的几个语法点:

1,consider sb sth

2,no比not any 要好,这点在OG上讲过,剩下AD选项比较

3,比较结构前后分句必需完全一致,前面是LIVING,后面也只能是LIVING,答案就是A了.

4,THAN后面比较结构中谓语用do,是用助动词代替实意动词consider,同时主谓倒装的一种省略结构.

其实这里只要用2,3点分析就可以出来了.

laipiyu

eaglesmile的解释is great.

助动词补出时前面一定要有指代的对象，E中的are在前文中没有可指代的对象。

而eaglesmile修改后的E选项使得are有了指代的对象：

Freedman’s survey showed that people living in small towns and rural areas consider that they are not as happy as are people who live in big cities.

也就是说，你表达两种不同的比较都可以，而具体要表达哪一种比较，就选择哪一个助词。

比较consider就选用A。比较are happier就选用修改后的E选项。

ad264

这一题真是出的好，我也跑去国外网站看，别人怎样解。

他们解法很简单：由於不可改变原题句意，A用do就是代consider此动作。如果换成are就会改变句意。就删了(D)(E)

剩下的选项只有A用no，因为GMAT认为是优选结构。
还有他们会看people living结构对称。

至於consider的另一个用法，转贴如下： Usually when you say
"I consider myself happier than you", you are really saying "I
consider myself happier than you are"

AlienX

hi ad264, 如果
I consider myself happier than you. = I consider myself happier than you are.
那麼
Group X considers itself (no) happier than group Y=Group X considers itself (no) happier than group Y is.
那麼D應該是對才是...

AlienX

OG的explanation也說A中的do是代consider.
所以用A, 那句可以看成:
Freedman’s survey showed that people living in small towns and rural areas consider themselves no happier than people living in big cities consider.
好像還有東西沒補....anyone??

rattledrum

我越看越乱，为什么consider后面要加no，明明happier是adj，又不是名词

　　

现在似乎也只能解释为，consider的否定形式，最好（优于）是否定在consider之前，即：do not consider...，而不是consider not...，就像think的用法一样。

　　

=============================================================================================================

　　

我的总结：

- 原价表达的意思是people和people比，因为原价的do就暗示了这点，此时排除D/E

- any（任何）这个词会影响原句的意思，不可以随便加入，于是排除B/C

　　

只有A正确。

　　

[此贴子已经被作者于2008-8-19 1:08:15编辑过]

weirui5621

这里为什么一定要补出助动词呢？

即使不补也没有歧义啊？？？

不明白

Hattielin87

个人认为划线部分补足应该是：no happier than people living in big cities consider themselves,do 和consider相对应，并且倒装提前。

lionsue

查这道题目查到这里，看到历经几年楼上几位的回答，有点感慨。。
我今天也在死想这道题，看到楼主的分析感觉挺清楚的，二楼的分析逻辑性也很强，我自己开始也纠结在到底是比什么，如果是比consider，就应该补出谓动DO， 如果比happy我觉得就应该补出系动词BE。

我的看法是，从最初对句子的理解上我就觉得大多数人以及原作者肯定都是说比happy，小地方人认为自己过的不比大地方人快乐。但是从句子的完整性出发为了尽着前半句话的结构不能平白出现系动词因此只能补出DO 和前面对应。。。似乎是为了语法而只能牺牲意思。

如果是比consider，那么句子应该怎么翻译呢？
。。。住在小地方的人认为自己不比住在大地方的人认为自己更快乐。。
很纠结。