求助Prep 两题

jessica1117

7.  Each year companies in the United State could save as much as $58 billion annually by preventing illness among employees and gain as much as $200 billion through improving performance of workers if they simply provided offices with cleaner air.

 

A.　annually by preventing illness among employees and gain as much as $200 billion through improving performance of workers if they simply provided

B.　annually if they prevented employee illness and gain as much as $200 billion through worker performance improved by simply providing

C.  annually in employee illness prevention and gain as much as $200 billion through worker performance improved by simply providing

D. in employee illness prevention and gain as much as $200 billion through improving performance of workers if they simply provided

E. by preventing illness among employees and gain as much as $200 billion through improved worker performance if they simply provided

 

A: each year 和annually 意思重复，improving 表过程不表结果，应用improved，

B: 同上

C: 同上
            

D: in employee illness prevention要表达的意思错，

E: correct

疑问：此题中，时间为each year，如果准确的讲，是不是从句中的动词时态应是一般现在式呢，为什么答案中是过去式呢？

请指教：）

11. Before scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, removing it painstakingly in small amounts from the pituitary glands of human cadavers.

A. scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, removing it painstakingly

B. scientists had learned about making a synthetic growth hormone, they had to remove it painstakingly

C. scientist learned how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed

D. learning how to make a synthetic growth hormone, scientists had to remove it painstakingly

E. Learning how to synthesize the growth hormone, it have to be painstakingly removed by scientists

 

A: make a synthetic不如直接用动词synthesize有效率；后半句不是完整句，主从句关系不成立

B: before加过去完成时没有道理，learn这个动作实际应该在主句动词时间之后

C: correct

D: 从原句逻辑上看，句意中的hormone并不是被同一群科学家使用，而是表述了一种历史事件之后，hormone就可以被后来的所有人怎样怎样了，所以D从逻辑上有问题。

E: learning的逻辑主语不是hormone

 

注意：

1、             此题很难，要从逻辑上判断意思，以后遇到主动、被动时态的考点，一定要区分清楚施加对象和被施加对象的合理逻辑关系。什么时候用被动？当找不到主动动作发出者时，一定用被动！

2、             还有Before介词+doing，和让步状语从句的省略+doing的区别，When/while（时间）/if/unless（条件）/even though/even if/although（即使）/once＋名词/形容词/完整句

请问注意2中，具体区别是？

请教怎样区分？

joeyruan

以下是引用jessica1117在2007-4-17 18:13:00的发言：

7.  Each year companies in the United State could save as much as $58 billion annually by preventing illness among employees and gain as much as $200 billion through improving performance of workers if they simply provided offices with cleaner air.

 E. by preventing illness among employees and gain as much as $200 billion through improved worker performance if they simply provided

 E: correct

 E: correct

疑问：此题中，时间为each year，如果准确的讲，是不是从句中的动词时态应是一般现在式呢，为什么答案中是过去式呢？

请指教：）

11. Before scientists learned how to make a synthetic growth hormone, removing it painstakingly in small amounts from the pituitary glands of human cadavers.

C. scientist learned how to synthesize the growth hormone, it had to be painstakingly removed

D. learning how to make a synthetic growth hormone, scientists had to remove it painstakingly

C: correct

D: 从原句逻辑上看，句意中的hormone并不是被同一群科学家使用，而是表述了一种历史事件之后，hormone就可以被后来的所有人怎样怎样了，所以D从逻辑上有问题。

1、             此题很难，要从逻辑上判断意思，以后遇到主动、被动时态的考点，一定要区分清楚施加对象和被施加对象的合理逻辑关系。什么时候用被动？当找不到主动动作发出者时，一定用被动！

7：通过 each year 和 annually 排除 A， B， C，

   by doing  表达原因最清楚， 选 E

  文中用的是 Could save, 所以过去式阿，觉得是虚拟语气

11:  D选项意思有些改变，
            C 更优选

jessica1117

多谢！ 明了多了！