prep一题

冰雪蜂鸟

正好也在看这题，我想问的是：
The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970s.
我感觉选项A，its numbers在和when从句比啊，所以排除掉了。
莫非 it numbers are now five times greater than (its numbers) when the use of DDT...... 把"its number"省略掉了？如果是的话，这种省略是什么原理呢？

kidvii

问： 为什么用Numbers 而不用number?

zenglh1988

与楼上的同问啊~~~

-- by 会员 cgzjessieli (2011/5/31 11:20:58)

E extinction, now with numbers five times greater than
OG是说the phrase(with......) confusingly seems to parallel with extinction,with 本应该修饰The gyrfalcon，但是这样的phrase会让人误以为是与extinction平行，也就是误以为在修饰extinction。不知道明白否？

-- by 会员 jameshzd (2011/5/31 11:49:24)

with 结构在该句中是分别代表两种用法，第一个with extinction是作状语修饰a close brush，with此处是介词表示方式方法。
第二个now with numbers five times greater...是独立主格结构，作状语结构上是修饰has survived的，但是因为with独立主格结构前面有个逗号，在语法上就使得with独立主格结构会显得是修饰句子的，逻辑主语就自然成了句子主语the gyrfalcon；同时，两个with结构的同时存在，会使得第二个with结构与第一个with短语构成并列结构之嫌。关于并列之嫌，从句意也可以看出，两个with要表达意思刚好相反（一个是灭绝，一个是现在数量变多），所以是不能单纯的用and来并列，应该选择but并列，或者另起一个句子表达相反意思就和A项一样。

zenglh1988

句子比较对象分别是状语now和when从句，没有省略到its numbers。

zenglh1988

正好也在看这题，我想问的是：
The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with extinction; its numbers are now five times greater than when the use of DDT was sharply restricted in the early 1970s.
我感觉选项A，its numbers在和when从句比啊，所以排除掉了。
莫非 it numbers are now five times greater than (its numbers) when the use of DDT...... 把"its number"省略掉了？如果是的话，这种省略是什么原理呢？

-- by 会员 冰雪蜂鸟 (2011/5/31 12:02:26)

句子比较对象分别是状语now和when从句，没有省略到its numbers。

bright1798

zenglh1988 发表于 2012-12-2 01:12
正好也在看这题，我想问的是：The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush wit ...

谢谢！！！！！！

bright1798

冰雪蜂鸟 发表于 2011-5-31 12:02
正好也在看这题，我想问的是：The gyrfalcon, an Arctic bird of prey, has survived a close brush with e ...

Ron的解释是

because 'when the use of ddt was...' is, or at least can be interpreted as, an adverb phrase (not an adjective phrase).
if the descriptive phrase placed there were an adjective phrase (or were being interpreted as one, at least), you'd want 'those' to assure a parallel construction.
ok, here's the basic story: as with other forms of parallelism, you have to ensure that the grammatical constructions are matched up as closely as possible.

if you had "those when the use of ddt was...", that would be centered around the pronoun those, which stands for a noun. therefore, to be parallel with it, you'd want another noun-centered construction: "its numbers now".

the problem in this sentence, though, is that now is being used strictly as a stand-alone adverb, since it's separated from "its numbers" by the VERB "are". (we know that this verb isn't part of the parallel construction, since there's no parallel verb in the second part.)
therefore, "now" itself - an adverb - is the whole first part of the parallel construction. for parallelism to be completed properly, the second part must be another adverb or adverbial construction, and that's why we just want "when the use of ddt was..." (without those).

this particular instance is somewhat complicated, but it's still a special case of the very very basic premise of parallelism: make the 2 parts the same.