这道题，大家来看看原因。

gemj

以下是引用mjiehu在2003-10-22 11:46:00的发言：
但如果是
make the language understandable
呢？
今天我算是又遇上高人mjiehu了。

i am sorry, i cannot be convinced that native speakers should make their mother tongue understandable to them, it's there already.

但是，MAKE的主语是PROCESSES，不是人。
过程使语言被人们理解，很符合逻辑啊？

gemj

建议mjiehu 来当语法区的版主吧！

mjiehu

以下是引用gemj在2003-10-22 11:57:00的发言：
但是，MAKE的主语是PROCESSES，不是人。
过程使语言被人们理解，很符合逻辑啊？

Research on A and B and C reveals D.


constituent A            |       constituent B                        constituent C
        |                       |
       NP                      |
   /           \                |
   |          NP               |
   |      /           \         |
   |      |           P       |
   |      |        /      \     |
  /       |       |       |     |
Det    N      rep  N      |      
/       |       |       |      |                       
the nature of language and [the process that produce} and [make it unstandable]

i draw a tree to illustrate my point, that the only possible thing "it" can refer to is either constituent A or B, it cannot jump into the structure and point to "language"

mjiehu

pic not well-done

qiqi_cola

大家讨论得好热烈，我觉的问题在于每个人读了题以后对句子的理解不一样，但是鬼知道PROMETRIC这个老怪物想要表达什么。这个简直比女孩子的心思还要难猜。

举个CASE，

191
  A substance derived from the Madagascar periwinkle, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients, is cultivated in China as part of a program to integrate traditional herbal medicine into a contemporary system of health care.

A    A substance derived from the Madagascar periwinkle, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients,

B  A derivative, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients, of the Madagascar periwinkle

C   A Madagascar periwinkle derivative, which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients,

D The Madagascar periwinkle has a derivative which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients, that

E  The madafascar periwinkle , a derivative of which has proved useful in decreasing mortality among young leukemia patients

答案是E

你怎么知道PROVED USEFUL 是修饰整个的，而不是单独指 这个DERIVATIVE？

mjiehu

The complete sentence would be:

Research during the past several decades on the nature of language and the processes that produce (it) and (the processes that) make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity.

here, the "it" and "the processes that" are omitted. which could be explained in the example below: My mother prepared the meal and my mother cooked the meal. --> My mother prepared the meal and cooked the meal. --> My mother prepared it and cooked it.--> My mother prepared and cooked it.

2. it is possible for "it" or other pronoun to refer to both the noun before the "of" and after the "of" in the "Noun-of-Noun"structure. here, the semantic ambiguity is introduced into the sentence after the "it" and "the processes that produces" are omitted, that means, if the sentence is complete as i listed above, the "it" in the sentence could only refer to "the language", and in the revised sentence as it is in the question, the "it" could refer to both "the language" and "the nature of the language"

crusaders

Research {during the past several decades on the nature of language and the processes that produce and make it(refer to the nature of language) understandable}has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity.

主句 Research has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity.
that 引导同谓语从句 等于the processes
个人看法 希望大家指教

crusaders

"produce and make" 应该都是that（即the processes）的组合形式的谓语。

gemj

以下是引用mjiehu在2003-10-23 6:55:00的发言：
The complete sentence would be:

Research during the past several decades on the nature of language and the processes that produce (it) and (the processes that) make it understandable has revealed great complexity instead of underlying simplicity.

here, the "it" and "the processes that" are omitted. which could be explained in the example below: My mother prepared the meal and my mother cooked the meal. --> My mother prepared the meal and cooked the meal. --> My mother prepared it and cooked it.--> My mother prepared and cooked it.

2. it is possible for "it" or other pronoun to refer to both the noun before the "of" and after the "of" in the "Noun-of-Noun"structure. here, the semantic ambiguity is introduced into the sentence after the "it" and "the processes that produces" are omitted, that means, if the sentence is complete as i listed above, the "it" in the sentence could only refer to "the language", and in the revised sentence as it is in the question, the "it" could refer to both "the language" and "the nature of the language"

你的前半部分好象是在说A可以，后半部分好象说A不可以。
我的理解对吗？

sbbi

SUPPORT!
mjiehu兄何时考?

以下是引用gemj在2003-10-22 12:02:00的发言：
建议mjiehu 来当语法区的版主吧！

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-10-25 4:35:17编辑过]